Quality of patient care

病人护理质量
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:这项研究是为了适应一种测量工具,该工具可用于测量在儿科护士护理下在儿科诊所住院的儿科患者父母的感知满意度,并检查其心理测量特性。
    方法:这项研究是对2023年9月至12月在一所大学医院儿科诊所住院的301名儿童父母进行的方法学研究。对数据进行了解释性和验证性因素分析,以建立量表的有效性,Cronbach的α可靠性系数,半分,使用项目总评分方法来测试其可靠性。
    结果:量表由26个项目和一个维度组成。确定总解释方差比为79.246%。根据验证性因子分析结果,拟合优度值确定为RMSEA=0.077,CFI=0.96,FI=0.97,RFI=0.92,NFI=0.93和TLI=0.96。Cronbach的α系数计算为总量表的α=0.989。
    结论:儿科护士执业工具的父母对护理满意度的感知是一种有效可靠的测量工具,可用于测量儿科住院患者父母对护理的感知满意度。儿科门诊护理。
    结论:该量表有助于确定儿科门诊住院患者家长对护理的满意度,如果有问题,为负责儿科患者安全和护理质量的儿科护士提供定期在职培训。
    OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to adapt a measurement tool that can be used to measure the perceived satisfaction level of parents of pediatric patients hospitalized in a pediatric clinic with care from pediatric nurses and to examine its psychometric properties.
    METHODS: The study was conducted methodologically with 301 parents of children who were hospitalized in the pediatric clinic of a university hospital between September and December 2023. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on the data to establish the validity of the scale, Cronbach\'s alpha reliability coefficient, split-half, item-total score methods were utilized to test its reliability.
    RESULTS: The scale consisted of 26 items and a single dimension. It was determined that the total explained variance ratio was 79.246%. According to the confirmatory factor analysis results, goodness of fit values were determined as RMSEA = 0.077, CFI = 0.96, IFI = 0.97, RFI = 0.92, NFI = 0.93, and TLI = 0.96. Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient was calculated as α = 0.989 for the total scale.
    CONCLUSIONS: The Parents\' Perception of Satisfaction with Care from Pediatric Nurse Practitioners Instrument is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to measure the perceived satisfaction level of parents of pediatric patients hospitalized in a pediatric clinic with nursing care.
    CONCLUSIONS: The scale can contribute to determining the perceived satisfaction levels of parents of pediatric patients hospitalized in the pediatric clinic with nursing care and, if there is a problem, to providing regular in-service training for pediatric nurses who are responsible for pediatric patient safety and quality of care.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    全球人口正在老龄化,65岁或65岁以上的人数不断增加,占人口的比例也越来越大。对老年护理的需求不断增加,这使得开发和提供有效的老年团队培训成为当务之急。由于医疗的多样性,老年病学的培训很复杂,社会心理,和老年人的功能问题,需要通过使用跨专业教育(IPE)的多学科方法来解决。基于问题的学习,以学生为中心的教育模式,为IPE带来了一些天然的优势,是一种独特的课程,取代了传统的基于讲座的学习模式。这种模式提高了毕业后的医师能力,主要是在心理社会和团队合作问题上,这些问题对老年病学至关重要。IPE已被证明对团队协作有重大的积极影响,个体发展,和医疗保健的改善。在本文中,我们总结了最近关于培训来自不同医疗保健学科的专业人员以在协作实践中为老年人提供护理的研究结果。我们还讨论了老年医学中基于问题的跨专业老年医学团队计划是否是增强专业合作和患者护理质量的有希望的解决方案。
    The global population is aging, with those aged 65 years or over increasing in number and accounting for a growing share of the population. There are increasing demands for geriatric care which makes the development and delivery of effective geriatric team training a priority. Training in geriatrics is complex because of the multiplicity of medical, psychosocial, and functional issues in elderly individuals which need to be addressed by a multidisciplinary approach using interprofessional education (IPE). Problem-based learning, a student-centered educational model that brings several natural strengths to IPE, is a unique curriculum replacing the traditional lecture-based learning model. This model enhances physician competency after graduation, mainly in psychosocial and teamwork issues that are fundamentally essential for geriatrics. IPE has been shown to have a substantial positive impact on team collaboration, individual development, and healthcare improvement. In this paper, we summarize the current findings from recent studies on training professionals from different healthcare disciplines to deliver care for the elderly in collaborative practice. We also discuss if an interprofessional problem-based geriatric team program in geriatrics is a promising solution to enhance professional collaboration and quality of patient care.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:内隐配给护理是指没有进行必要的护理以满足所有患者需求的情况。
    目的:探讨影响护理配给的因素,护士对病人护理质量的评估,以及他们在内科的工作满意度。
    方法:进行了横断面描述性研究。该研究包括在8家医院的内科部门工作的1164名护士(下西里西亚,波兰)。使用护理工具的感知内隐配给。
    结果:受访者很少提供护理,平均得分为1.12(SD=0.68)。患者护理质量的平均得分为6.99(SD=1.92)。相比之下,平均工作满意度得分为6.07分(SD=2.22)。护理配给率高的最重要预测因素是16-20年的工作经验(回归参数:0.387)和护理学士学位(回归参数:0.139)。护士对患者护理质量的评估通过具有护理硕士学位(回归参数:0.41)而增加,按16-20年的工作经验显著下降(回归参数:-1.332)。在单变量和多变量分析中,工作满意度等级的独立预测因子是硕士学位和长期轮班工作模式。
    结论:影响内科病房护理配给水平提高的因素是护士资历,16岁以上,女性。获得护理硕士学位表明护士对患者护理质量的评估有所改善。
    BACKGROUND: Implicit rationing of nursing care refers to a situation in which necessary nursing care is not performed to meet all of the patients\' needs.
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors influencing the rationing of nursing care, nurses\' assessment of the quality of patient care, and their job satisfaction in Internal Medicine Departments.
    METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken. The study included 1164 nurses working in the Internal Medicine Departments in 8 hospitals (Lower Silesia, Poland). The Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care instrument was used.
    RESULTS: Respondents rarely ration nursing care, with a mean score of 1.12 (SD = 0.68). The mean score for quality of patient care was 6.99 (SD = 1.92). In contrast, the mean job satisfaction score was 6.07 points (SD = 2.22). The most important predictors of high rates of rationing of nursing care were work experience of 16-20 years (regression parameter: 0.387) and a Bachelor\'s degree in nursing (regression parameter: 0.139). Nurses\' assessment of the quality of patient care ratings were increased by having a Master\'s degree in nursing (regression parameter: 0.41), and significantly decreased by work experience of 16-20 years (regression parameter: -1.332). Independent predictors of job satisfaction ratings in both univariate and multivariate analysis were Master\'s degree and long-shift working patterns.
    CONCLUSIONS: The factors that influence an increased level of nursing care rationing on medical wards are nurse seniority, exceeding 16 years and female gender. Obtaining a Master\'s degree in nursing indicates improved nurses\' assessment of the quality of patient care.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    2017年,不列颠哥伦比亚省(BC)将省级惩教设施的医疗保健服务责任从公共安全和副检察长移交给了卫生部。这项研究探讨了医疗保健领导层如何感知转移对服务的影响,工作生活,和工作满意度。我们与惩教卫生服务中的医疗保健经理以及医疗和行政领导进行了一对一的访谈(n=8)。以工作满意度的双因素理论为框架,我们应用解释性描述方法来分析访谈数据。与会者确定了工作环境四个方面的变化:(1)人员配备,设备,和资源(2)监督和支持系统(3)标准,政策,和质量改进;(4)文化和定位。这些变化主要影响工作满意度的动机因素,并被描述为丰富了管理人员和员工的角色。与会者描述了改进的自主性和对提供者的认可,提高所提供服务的质量,转向以病人为中心的护理。医疗保健领导者的观点为将托管医疗保健服务转移到公共医疗保健系统的潜在影响提供了新的见解。对变化及其影响的讨论也为寻求在各种治理和服务提供模式下改善医疗保健的司法管辖区提供了实践学习。
    In 2017, British Columbia (BC) transferred responsibility for healthcare services in provincial correctional facilities from the Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General to the Ministry of Health. This study explored how healthcare leadership perceived the impact of the transfer on services, work-life, and job satisfaction. We conducted one-on-one interviews (n = 8) with healthcare managers and medical and administrative leadership within Correctional Health Services. Using the Two-Factor theory of job satisfaction as a framework, we applied Interpretive Description methodology to analyse interview data. Participants identified changes to four areas of the working environment: (1) staffing, equipment, and resources (2) systems of supervision and support (3) standards, policies, and quality improvement and (4) culture and orientation. These changes predominantly affected motivational factors of job satisfaction and were described as enriching the roles of managers and staff. Participants described improved autonomy and recognition of providers, increased quality of services delivered, and a shift toward patient-centred care. The perspectives of healthcare leaders provide new insight into the potential impact of transferring healthcare services in custody to a public healthcare system. Discussion of changes and their affects also provide practical learning for jurisdictions seeking to improve healthcare under a variety of governance and service-delivery models.
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  • 文章类型: Editorial
    暂无摘要。
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:提供良好的实践环境被认为是改善新毕业护士(NGNs)工作成果的必要条件。然而,关于NGNs如何以及何时可以最好地利用他们的实践环境来产生最佳的工作成果,人们知之甚少。
    目的:本研究的目的,它基于资源保护理论和职业自我管理的社会认知模型,是调查拥有更高水平的个人成长主动性的NGNs是否更有可能从他们的实践环境中受益,并通过增加他们的职业自我效能来实现更好的工作成果。
    方法:横断面研究。
    方法:从2022年9月1日至2022年9月30日,招募了来自五所中国国有医院的279NGNs进行这项研究。参与者完成了实践环境的测量,个人成长的主动性,职业自我效能感,工作压力,工作满意度,离职意向和护理质量。计算了描述性分析和适度调解模型。报告遵循STROBE声明。
    结果:职业自我效能感显著介导了实习环境对工作结果的影响,个人成长主动性是这种调解效应的调节者。
    结论:表现出更高的个人成长主动性的NGNs更有可能从他们的实践环境中获益,并通过提高他们的职业自我效能来获得积极的工作成果。为了提高NGNs的职业自我效能感,实现最佳的工作成果,医院管理者不仅可以为他们提供支持性的实践环境,而且还可以进行促进他们个人成长的干预措施。
    本研究旨在研究与NGNs工作成果相关的社会心理因素。该研究未使用患者组或公众的建议进行。
    结论:我们的研究结果表明,如果NGNs没有表现出高水平的个人成长主动性并产生更高的职业自我效能感,那么有利的实践环境可能并不总是有利于护理工作结果。因此,医院管理者应考虑实施干预措施,以提高NGNs的个人成长主动性,以便他们可以充分利用实践环境并获得工作资源,以创造最佳工作成果。
    BACKGROUND: Providing a favourable practice environment has been regarded as an essential to improve the job outcomes of newly graduated nurses (NGNs). However, little is known about how and when NGNs can best utilize their practice environment to produce optimal job outcomes.
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study, which is based on the Conservation of Resources Theory and the Social Cognitive Model of Career Self-Management, is to investigate whether NGNs who have a higher level of personal growth initiative are more likely to benefit from their practice environment and achieve better job outcomes by increasing their occupational self-efficacy.
    METHODS: A cross-sectional study.
    METHODS: From 1 September 2022, to 30 September 2022, 279 NGNs from five Chinese state-owned hospitals were recruited for this study. The participants completed measures of practice environment, personal growth initiative, occupational self-efficacy, job stress, job satisfaction, turnover intention and quality of care. A descriptive analysis and a moderated mediation model were computed. Reporting adhered to the STROBE statement.
    RESULTS: The influence of the practice environment on job outcomes was significantly mediated by occupational self-efficacy, with personal growth initiative acting as a moderator of this mediation effect.
    CONCLUSIONS: NGNs who exhibited a higher degree of personal growth initiative were more likely to derive benefits from their practice environment and attain positive job outcomes by enhancing their occupational self-efficacy. To boost NGNs\' occupational self-efficacy and achieve optimal job outcomes, hospital administrators may not only provide a supportive practice environment for them but also conduct interventions that promote their personal growth initiative.
    UNASSIGNED: This study was designed to examine the psychosocial factors associated with NGNs\' job outcomes. The study was not conducted using suggestions from the patient groups or the public.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that favourable practise contexts may not always benefit the nursing job outcome if NGNs do not exhibit a high level of personal growth initiative and produce increased occupational self-efficacy. Therefore, hospital administrators should consider implementing an intervention to improve the personal growth initiative of NGNs so that they can take full advantage of the practice environment and gain resources at work to create optimal job outcomes.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:医院噪音会对护士的健康产生不利影响,他们的认知功能和情感,影响患者护理质量和患者安全。因此,这项研究的目的是预测暴露于医院噪音的作用,员工的噪音敏感性和烦恼,关于病人护理的质量。
    方法:这项描述性和横断面研究是在伊朗医院的护士中进行的。为了确定护士的噪声暴露水平,根据ISO9612标准,使用KIMODB300/2声级计和分析仪在医院的1510个地点测量了噪音。一项在线调查用于收集护士的个人数据。研究问卷包括人口统计学,温斯坦噪声敏感度量表,噪音烦恼量表,和患者护理质量量表。最后,为了分析数据,贝叶斯网络(BNs),作为概率和图形模型,被使用。
    结果:对于高噪声暴露状态,噪声灵敏度高,和高度的烦恼,概率为100%,提供理想质量的患者护理的可能性下降了21%、14%和23%,分别。此外,在同时高噪声暴露和高噪声灵敏度的情况下,概率为100%,患者护理的理想质量下降了26%。贝叶斯最大影响值与噪声暴露和烦恼的关联有关(0.636)。此外,烦恼与护理质量的物理方面的关联最高(0.400),敏感性与沟通方面的关联最大(0.283)。
    结论:环境噪声和个人敏感性引起的烦恼对患者护理质量产生不利影响。此外,噪音和敏感性对患者护理质量有单独的直接不利影响,它们的共同出现降低了提供优质患者护理的潜力。
    BACKGROUND: Hospital noise can adversely impact nurses\' health, their cognitive function and emotion and in turn, influence the quality of patient care and patient safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to predict the contributing roles of exposure to hospital noise, staff noise-sensitivity and annoyance, on the quality of patient care.
    METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out among nurses in an Iranian hospital. To determine nurses\' noise exposure level, the noise was measured in 1510 locations across the hospital in accordance with ISO 9612 standards using KIMO DB 300/2 sound level meter and analyzer. An online survey was used to collect nurses\' individual data. Study questionnaires included demographics, Weinstein noise sensitivity scale, noise annoyance scale, and quality of patient care scale. Finally, to analyze the data, Bayesian Networks (BNs), as probabilistic and graphical models, were used.
    RESULTS: For the high noise exposure state, high noise sensitivity, and high annoyance, with the probability of 100%, the probability of delivering a desirable quality of patient care decreased by 21, 14, and 23%, respectively. Moreover, at the concurrently high noise exposure and high noise sensitivity with the probability of 100%, the desirable quality of patient care decreased by 26%. The Bayesian most influence value was related to the association of noise exposure and annoyance (0.636). Moreover, annoyance had the highest association with the physical aspect of quality of care (0.400) and sensitivity had the greatest association with the communication aspect (0.283).
    CONCLUSIONS: Annoyance induced from environmental noise and personal sensitivity affected the quality of patient care adversely. Moreover, noise and sensitivity had a separate direct adverse effect upon the quality of patient care, and their co-occurrence reduced the potential for delivering quality patient care.
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  • 文章类型: Meta-Analysis
    背景:近几十年来,患有慢性和长期疾病的人数有所增加;通过利用信息和通信技术(ICT)开发新的自我护理解决方案来解决这一问题。然而,许多已开发的技术解决方案尚未在对患者护理质量的影响方面进行测试。
    目的:本系统综述旨在确定当前关于干预措施类型的最佳证据,这些干预措施旨在通过ICT在原发性疾病中的临床应用来提高患者护理质量,三级或家庭护理。
    方法:系统综述,包括荟萃分析,是根据JBI证据综合指南手册进行的。
    方法:从四个电子数据库中确定了相关数据:CINAHL,pubmed,SCOPUS和医疗。
    方法:根据PICOS纳入和排除标准格式化资格标准。至少有两名研究人员分别进行了筛选过程,之后,他们就结果达成了一致。使用Cochrane偏差风险评估和JBI关键评估工具进行随机对照研究(RCT),以评估研究质量。数据被提取,如果研究符合定量要求,则进行荟萃分析.
    结果:在最初确定的528项研究中,选择11项研究进行最终数据合成。所有干预措施都将ICT解决方案集成到患者护理中,以提高护理质量。所有RCT的患者都通过直接培训进行教育,提供与他们的疾病相关的信息或一对一的教育指导。干预措施包括各种互动,例如,护士专家访问和支持,以及同行提供的支持,团体或家庭成员。这些互动是通过面对面的辅导发生的,虚拟人指导或依赖于算法的虚拟指导。进行的荟萃分析包括11项确定的研究中的6项。总体效果不显著,三项研究表明干预后对患者的护理质量和生活质量有显著影响,三项研究无显著影响。
    结论:所提出的结果表明,应与护士和其他卫生保健专业人员合作开发基于ICT的护理,让患者参与决策,并将ICT解决方案与人机交互和指导相结合。人们发现信息和通信技术教育对于干预的成功至关重要。
    BACKGROUND: The number of people with chronic and long-term conditions has increased during recent decades; this has been addressed by leveraging information and communication technology (ICT) to develop new self-care solutions. However, many of the developed technological solutions have not been tested in terms of impact(s) on patients\' quality of care.
    OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to identify the current best evidence on the types of interventions that have been developed to improve the quality of patient care through the clinical application of ICT in primary, tertiary or home care.
    METHODS: A systematic review, including a meta-analysis, was conducted according to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis guidelines.
    METHODS: Relevant data were identified from four electronic databases: CINAHL, PUBMED, SCOPUS and MEDIC.
    METHODS: The eligibility criteria were formatted according to PICOS inclusion and exclusion criteria. At least two researchers performed the screening process separately, after which they agreed upon the results. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment and JBI Critical Appraisal tool for randomised controlled studies (RCTs) were used to assess research quality. Data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed if the research met quantitative requirements.
    RESULTS: Of the 528 initially identified studies, 11 studies were chosen for final data synthesis. All of the interventions integrated ICT solutions into patient care to improve the quality of care. Patients across all of the RCTs were educated through direct training, the provision of information relevant to their disease or one-to-one educational coaching. The interventions included various interactions, e.g. nurse expert visits and support, and support provided by peers, groups or family members. These interactions occurred through face-to-face coaching, virtual human coaching or virtual coaching that relied on an algorithm. The performed meta-analysis included 6 of the 11 identified studies. The overall effect was nonsignificant, with three studies demonstrating a significant postintervention effect on patients\' quality of care and quality of life and three studies a nonsignificant effect.
    CONCLUSIONS: The presented results suggest that ICT-based care should be developed in collaboration with nurses and other health care professionals, involve patients in decision-making and combine ICT solutions with human interaction and coaching. ICT education was found to be essential to the success of an intervention.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:错过的护理(护理未完成或任务未完成)被视为不良患者护理结果的重要早期预测指标,并且是确定患者护理质量的有用指标。现有的关于错过护理的系统评价主要基于发达国家的初步研究,关于中低收入国家(LMICs)错过护理的证据有限.我们建议进行系统回顾,以确定在LMIC环境中错过护理的程度,并记录与此现象相关的因素和原因。方法和分析:本方案是使用系统评价和荟萃分析方案(PRISMA-P)的首选报告项目制定的。我们将在OvidMedline进行文献检索,Embase和EBSCO护理和相关健康文献累积指数(CINAHL)数据库,从成立到2021年。两名独立的审阅者将进行搜索和数据抽象,不和谐将由双方讨论处理。将使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)确定个体研究的偏倚风险。道德和传播:本审查不需要道德许可,因为我们将利用已经发布的数据。我们的目标是在同行评审期刊PROSPERO注册号:CRD42021286897(2021年10月27日)上发表我们的评论结果。
    Background:  Missed nursing care (care left undone or task incompletion) is viewed as an important early predictor of adverse patient care outcomes and is a useful indicator to determine the quality of patient care. Available systematic reviews on missed nursing care are based mainly on primary studies from developed countries, and there is limited evidence on missed nursing care from low-middle income countries (LMICs). We propose conducting a systematic review to identify the magnitude of missed nursing care and document factors and reasons associated with this phenomenon in LMIC settings. Methods and analysis:  This protocol was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). We will conduct literature searching across the Ovid Medline, Embase and EBSCO Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases, from inception to 2021. Two independent reviewers will conduct searches and data abstraction, and discordance will be handled by discussion between both parties. The risk of bias of the individual studies will be determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Ethics and dissemination: Ethical permission is not required for this review as we will make use of already published data. We aim to publish the findings of our review in peer-reviewed journals PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021286897 (27 th October 2021).
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    目的:目的是评估巴西一家医院的医疗保健和行政人员所感知的患者安全文化,并检查教育和经验是否与积极的看法有关。
    方法:在ErnestoDornelles医院进行了描述性分析案例研究,巴西的私人机构。巴西版本的医院患者安全文化调查用于评估618名参与者的看法,其中315人从事医疗保健援助工作,303人从事行政服务。主要结果是积极响应的百分比,独立变量包括工作类型,学校教育和经验长度。
    结果:十二个维度均未得到加强。“医院管理支持患者安全”的积极响应百分比最高(67.5%),最低的是“对错误的非惩罚性反应”(29%)。医护人员的平均水平略高于行政人员。对于安全文化的八个维度,具有本科或研究生学位的专业人员的积极响应百分比更高。住院经历的长短与任何维度无关。
    结论:本研究探讨了教育和专业经验对私人机构的医疗保健和行政人员对患者安全的看法的影响。这些方法可以更深入和清晰地了解与患者安全文化相关的因素,因此,有更一致的证据来支持特定需求的干预措施。
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose is to assess the patient safety culture perceived by healthcare and administrative staff in a Brazilian hospital and examine whether education and experience are related to positive perceptions.
    METHODS: A descriptive-analytical case study was carried out at Ernesto Dornelles Hospital, a private Brazilian institution. The Brazilian version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture was used to assess the perceptions of 618 participants, of whom 315 worked in healthcare assistance and 303 in administrative services. The main outcome was the percentage of positive responses, and the independent variables included the type of work, schooling and length of experience.
    RESULTS: None of the twelve dimensions was strengthened. The percentage of positive responses was the highest for \"Hospital management support for patient safety\" (67.5%), and the lowest was for \"Nonpunitive response to error\" (29%). The healthcare staff had a slightly higher average than the administrative staff. The percentage of positive responses from professionals with undergraduate or graduate degrees was higher for the eight dimensions of safety culture. The length of hospital experience was not associated with any dimensions.
    CONCLUSIONS: This study explored the influence of education and professional experience on the perception of patient safety in healthcare and administrative staff from a private institution. These approaches allow to know with greater depth and clarity factors that are related to the patient safety culture and, thus, have more consistent evidence to support interventions in specific needs.
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