许多人认为,对斗牛犬的歧视源于该品种与黑人所有者和文化的联系。我们从理论上和经验上以各种方式对该论点进行了质疑,并发现了公牛的种族化与其他种族化问题之间的惊人相似之处(例如,贫困和犯罪)在公众舆论和政策实施中。在详细说明了期望斗牛犬被种族化为黑人的原因之后,尽管在美国养狗的人通常被视为白人,文章显示:(1)大多数美国人将斗牛犬与黑人联系在一起。(2)反黑人的态度,总的来说,意义重大,独立,两种反坑害观点和偏爱其他品种的预测因素;(3)对黑人暴力的刻板印象,特别是,意义重大,独立,两种反坑视图的预测因子,以及比它们更喜欢其他品种的预测因子。(4)通过全国调查实验进行的内隐种族化进一步侵蚀了对使坑合法化的支持,治疗效果明显受受访者种族的影响。(5)州一级的种族偏见是颁布立法以抢占特定品种禁令的重要负面预测因素。我们的结论是对美国种族政治性质的更广泛的见解。迈克尔·特斯勒,mtesler@uci。edu,通讯作者,加州大学欧文分校政治学教授;玛丽·麦克托马斯,玛丽。mcthmas@uci.edu,是加州大学欧文分校政治学副教授。本文的早期版本在美国政治科学协会的年会上发表。我们感谢ManeeshArora,RachelBernhard,NathanChan,路易斯·皮克特,大卫·西尔斯,德西皮奥,亚当·杜伯斯坦,JaneJunn,克莱尔·金,JessicaManforti,J.斯科特·马修斯,贾斯汀.
Many have argued that discrimination against pit bulls is rooted in the breed\'s association with Black owners and culture. We theoretically and empirically interrogate that argument in a variety of ways and uncover striking similarities between the racialization of pit bulls and other racialized issues (e.g., poverty and crime) in public opinion and policy implementation. After detailing the reasons to expect pit bulls to be racialized as Black despite dog ownership in the U.S. generally being raced as white, the article shows: (1) Most Americans associate pit bulls with Black people. (2) Anti-Black attitudes, in general, are significant, independent, predictors of both anti-pit views and of preferring other breeds over them; (3) stereotypes of Black men as violent, in particular, are significant, independent, predictors of both anti-pit views and of preferring other breeds over them. (4) Implicit racialization through a national survey experiment further eroded support for legalizing pits, with the treatment effect significantly conditioned by respondent\'s race. And (5) state-level racial prejudice is a significant negative predictor of enacting legislation to preempt breed-specific bans. We conclude with our findings\' broader insights into the nature of U.S. racial politics. Michael Tesler, mtesler@uci.edu, corresponding author, is Professor of Political Science at UC Irvine; Mary McThomas, mary.mcthomas@uci.edu, is Associate Professor of Political Science at UC Irvine. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the American Political Science Association\'s annual meeting. We thank Maneesh Arora, Rachel Bernhard, Nathan Chan, Louis Pickett, David Sears, DeSipio, Adam Duberstein, Jane Junn, Claire Kim, Jessica Manforti, J. Scott Matthews, Justin.