背景:由于欧洲耐药性的发展和限制性杀虫剂的批准,对油菜(OSR)中的害虫进行化学控制变得越来越困难。同时,缺乏预防和替代控制措施。由于昆虫的移动性,作物轮作大多不能控制昆虫;然而,改变区域种植密度可以稀释或浓缩害虫压力。在这项研究中,我们调查了白头翁和菊花的局部发生,冬季OSR的严重害虫,受与上一年OSR田地的距离以及区域尺度(半径最大为10km)OSR油菜种植密度变化如何影响害虫压力的影响。
结果:黄水陷阱中P.chrysocephala的丰度随着与上一年OSR的距离增加而降低。与2019年秋季和2020年秋季的1公里相比,在10公里的距离下,前三周的估计渔获量降低了约68-76%。然而,在两个季节中,P.chrysocephala能够分散10公里的距离。在2.5km半径的空间尺度上,OSR种植面积的变化会影响D.radicum的根系损伤概率;如果OSR的面积减少,则增加。此外,前一年OSR遥远时,蚜虫的侵染较低。
结论:这项研究可以实现针对特定领域的风险评估和害虫压力预测。决定在区域一级作为预防性作物保护措施的作物中断的有效性,需要更多关于其他害虫物种和拮抗剂的知识。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
BACKGROUND: Chemical control of insect pests in oilseed rape (OSR) is becoming increasingly difficult due to the development of resistance and restrictive insecticide approvals in Europe. At the same time, there is a lack of preventive and alternative control measures. Crop rotation mostly fails to control insects due to their mobility; however, changing regional cropping densities can dilute or concentrate pest pressure. In this study, we investigated whether the local occurrence of Psylliodes chrysocephala and Delia radicum, serious insect pests in winter OSR, is influenced by distance from the previous year\'s OSR fields and how changes in OSR rape cropping density at a regional scale (up to 10 km radius) affect pest pressure.
RESULTS: Abundance of P. chrysocephala in yellow water traps decreased with increasing distance to previous year\'s OSR. Estimated catches in the first 3 weeks of migration were about 68-76% lower at 10 km distance compared to 1 km in autumn 2019 and 2020. However, in both seasons P. chrysocephala was able to disperse over distances of 10 km. Probability of root damage by D. radicum was affected by changes of OSR cropping area at a spatial scale of 2.5 km radius; it increased if acreage of OSR decreased. Furthermore, aphid infestation was lower when OSR was distant in the previous year.
CONCLUSIONS: This study could enable field-specific risk assessment and prediction of pest pressure. To decide about the effectiveness of cropping breaks at a regional level as a preventive crop protection measure, more knowledge on other pest species and antagonists is needed. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.