■本研究调查了母亲和父亲的控制,包括行为和心理控制,预测青少年网络成瘾,以及青少年性别和亲子关系对预测的潜在调节作用。
■数据来自贵州省的1,974名中国青少年(年龄范围=14-22;平均值=16.47;SD=0.87;1,099名女孩),2021年11月中国大陆。使用金伯利·杨开发的十项网络成瘾测试来测量网络成瘾,父母控制和亲子关系是通过验证的中国亲子子系统质量量表得出的各个子量表进行测量的。
■分层回归分析显示,在对协变量进行统计控制后,父母双方的行为控制对青少年网络成瘾表现出显著的负面预测,虽然他们的心理控制倾向于积极预测青少年的网络成瘾,尽管效果只是微不足道的。此外,母亲和父亲控制的影响是相等的,这种影响在儿子和女儿之间没有变化。虽然青少年性别不是一个重要的主持人,亲子关系质量显著调节父辈行为控制的效果,父系心理控制,和母亲对青少年网络成瘾的心理控制。具体来说,与父子关系为正的青少年相比,父子关系为中度或较差的青少年对父子关系的行为控制的预测更强,而父子关系和母性心理控制的影响更弱。
■这些发现表明父母行为控制的保护功能以及心理控制对青少年网络成瘾发展的负面影响。Further,父亲与青少年之间的正相关关系可以加强父亲行为控制的积极作用,减轻父母双方心理控制的负面影响。
The present study investigated how maternal and paternal controls, including behavioral and psychological controls, predict adolescent Internet addiction, as well as the potential moderating effects of adolescent gender and parent-child relationships on the predictions.
Data were collected from 1,974 Chinese adolescents (age range = 14-22; mean = 16.47; SD = 0.87; 1,099 girls) in Guizhou Province, mainland China in November 2021. Internet addiction was measured using the ten-item Internet Addiction Test developed by Kimberly Young, and Parental control and parent-child relationships were measured by the respective subscales derived from the validated Chinese Parent-Child Subsystem Quality Scale.
Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that after the covariates were statistically controlled, both parents\' behavioral controls showed significant negative predictions on adolescent Internet addiction, while their psychological control tended to positively predict Internet addiction among adolescents, although the effect was only marginal. In addition, the impacts of maternal and paternal controls were equal, and such impacts did not vary between sons and daughters. While adolescent gender was not a significant moderator, the parent-child relationship quality significantly moderated the effects of paternal behavioral control, paternal psychological control, and maternal psychological control on adolescents\' Internet addiction. Specifically, the prediction of paternal behavioral control was stronger while the effect of paternal and maternal psychological control was weaker among adolescents with a positive father-child relationship than those with a moderate or poor father-child relationship.
These findings indicate the protective function of parents\' behavioral control and the negative impact of psychological control on the development of adolescent Internet addiction. Further, a positive relationship between the father and the adolescent can strengthen the positive effect of paternal behavioral control and mitigate the negative effects of both parents\' psychological controls.