背景:乳腺癌的早期诊断是影响患者生存的关键因素,所以筛查可以减轻这种疾病的负担。本研究旨在探讨基于计划行为理论的教育对农村妇女乳腺癌筛查的影响。
方法:在这项准实验研究中,480名妇女在法萨和设拉子市的保健中心被分为两组,干预(n=240)和控制(n=240),采用整群随机抽样方法,2021-2022年。我们随机选择了设拉子和法萨的两个医疗保健中心,并邀请他们参与研究。使用人口统计信息问卷和基于TPB的研究人员制作的问卷来收集数据。干预包括50分钟的会议,主题如乳腺癌基础知识,筛选方法,乳房X线照相术的障碍,以及对等组的角色。收集干预前和干预后4个月的数据。
结果:结果显示两组在意识方面没有差异,态度,感知行为控制,主观规范,行为意图,和干预前的乳腺癌筛查表现。干预后四个月,干预组的知晓率显着提高(7.46±1.50至18.54±1.20),姿态(28.55±4.62至58.69±4.35),感知行为控制(22.52±3.32至40.88±3.84),和主观规范(20.37±3.34至21.99±3.38)。相反,在对照组中没有观察到所述构建体的显著差异(P<0.05)。
结论:这项研究表明,基于TPB的教育提高了意识,态度,感知行为控制,主观规范,和乳腺癌筛查的行为意向。城规会授权农村社区的妇女优先考虑她们的健康,并寻求及时的乳腺癌筛查。继续努力和更好地获得筛查服务对于改善结果至关重要。
BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of breast cancer is a key factor affecting patient survival, so screening can reduce the burden of this disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on breast cancer screening in rural women.
METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 480 women referring to the health care centers in the cities of Fasa and Shiraz were divided into two groups, intervention (n = 240) and control (n = 240), using cluster random sampling method, in 2021-2022. We randomly selected two health care centers in Shiraz and Fasa and invited them to participate in the study. The demographic information questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the TPB were used to collect the data. The intervention included 50-minute sessions on topics such as breast cancer basics, screening methods, barriers to mammography, and the role of peer groups. Data were collected before and 4 months after the intervention.
RESULTS: The results showed no difference between the two groups in awareness, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, behavioral intention, and breast cancer screening performance before the intervention. Four months after the intervention, a significant increase was found in the intervention group in awareness (7.46 ± 1.50 to 18.54 ± 1.20), attitude (28.55 ± 4.62 to 58.69 ± 4.35), perceived behavioral control (22.52 ± 3.32 to 40.88 ± 3.84), and subjective norms (20.37 ± 3.34 to 21.99 ± 3.38). Instead, no significant difference in the mentioned constructs (P < 0.05) was observed in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that TPB-based education enhanced awareness, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and behavioral intention towards breast cancer screening. The TPB empowers women in rural communities to prioritize their health and seek timely breast cancer screening. Continued efforts and improved access to screening services are crucial for improved outcomes.