■为了描述海南Ptyasmucosus农场呼吸道疾病爆发的组织病理学和病因,中国。
■通过肉眼检查和显微镜分析证实了病因。通过生化分析和16SrRNA基因测序鉴定了来自血液和内部器官的细菌分离株。通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)进一步证明了分离株的毒力和抗生素抗性特征,磁盘扩散测试,和昆明小鼠的LD50分析。病变粘膜原位病的组织病理学分析显示全身性病变,包括严重的气道阻塞,肺部有大量的炎性细胞和纤维素分泌物;严重的多灶性肝细胞空泡变性和坏死,肝脏有过度的炎性分泌物和慢性肉芽肿;脾出血和部分脾结构丢失;肾血管和间质充血。Providenciarettgeri是从血液和多个内部器官(肝脏,脾,脾肾脏,和肺)。所有检查的分离株(H1,H4和H13)均具有多重耐药性,但对头孢吡肟四种抗生素敏感,亚胺培南,氯霉素,还有环丙沙星.H1和H4都携带五个抗性基因[blaOXA,tet(A),tet(B),tet(E),和aac(3)-IIa],而H13只携带tet(A)基因。三个分离株的优势毒力模式为hlyA+ZapA+luxS+rsbA。H1菌株的毒力测试,其在小鼠中的50%致死剂量(LD50)为2.29×108CFUml-1。
■据我们所知,这是首次描述养殖鼠蛇中由P.rettgeri引起的菌血症爆发的研究。
■结果突出表明,P.rettgeri是养殖爬行动物中新兴的细菌病原体。
UNASSIGNED: To describe the histopathology and etiology of an outbreak of respiratory disease at a Ptyas mucosus farm in Hainan, China.
UNASSIGNED: The etiology was confirmed by gross examination and microscopic analysis. The bacterial isolates from blood and internal organs were identified by biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The virulence and antibiotic resistance characteristics of the isolates were further demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), disk diffusion testing, and LD50 analysis in Kunming mice. Histopathological analysis of the diseased P. mucosus revealed systemic lesions, including severe airway obstruction with large numbers of inflammatory cells and cellulose exudates in the lungs; severe multifocal hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and necrosis in the liver with excessive inflammatory exudates and chronic granuloma; splenic hemorrhage and partial loss of splenic structure; and renal vascular and interstitial congestion. Providencia rettgeri was isolated from the blood and multiple internal organs (liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs). All examined isolates (H1, H4, and H13) were multidrug-resistant but sensitive to four antibiotics-cefepime, imipenem, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Both H1 and H4 carried five resistance genes [bla OXA, tet(A), tet(B), tet(E), and aac (3)-IIa], whereas H13 only carried the tet(A) gene. The dominant virulence pattern of the three isolates was hlyA + ZapA + luxS + rsbA. The virulence of H1 strain was tested, and its 50% lethal dose (LD50) in mice was 2.29 × 108 CFU ml-1.
UNASSIGNED: To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe an outbreak of bacteremia caused by P. rettgeri in farmed rat snakes.
UNASSIGNED: The results highlight that P. rettgeri is an emerging bacterial pathogen in farmed reptiles.