细菌,真菌,原生生物在维护土壤生态方面占据着举足轻重的地位。尽管他们对喀斯特地区管理植被恢复策略的反应了解有限,我们旨在研究参与植被恢复过程的基本微生物群落。我们比较了四种土地利用类型的微生物特征:人工林(PF),牧草(FG),人工林和牧草(FF)的混合物,和耕地(CR)作为参考。我们的发现表明,与PF相比,FF中细菌和原生生物的丰富度更高,而PF和FF的真菌丰富度均低于CR。此外,FF中的细菌Shannon指数高于CR和PF,而所有四种土地利用类型的真菌和原生生物香农指数相似。在细菌的组成中观察到显着差异,真菌,以及FF和其他三种土地利用类型之间的原生社区,而细菌,真菌,和原生社区在PF和FG中相对相似。在FF中,酸性细菌类群的相对丰度,Firmicutes,Gemmatatimonadetes明显高于PF和CR。真菌群落以子囊菌和担子菌为主,与其他土地利用类型相比,FF中子囊的相对丰度明显更高。关于Protistan分类群,与CR相比,FF中叶绿素的相对丰度更高,PF,FG,与FF相比,CR中的顶波峰相对丰度更高。重要的是,铵态氮,总磷,和微生物生物量氮被确定为预测细菌多样性变化的关键土壤特性,真菌,和原生生物。我们的结果表明,与PF和FG相比,FF下的微生物群落对植被恢复的敏感性更高。这种敏感性可能源于土壤性质的差异,生物结壳和根系的形成,和管理活动,导致细菌的变异,真菌,以及PF中的原生生物多样性和分类群。因此,采用涉及人工林和牧草的组合恢复策略被证明是增强微生物群落并从而改善生态脆弱地区生态系统功能的有效方法。
Bacteria, fungi, and
protists occupy a pivotal position in maintaining soil ecology. Despite limited knowledge on their responses to managed vegetation restoration strategies in karst regions, we aimed to study the essential microbial communities involved in the process of vegetation restoration. We compared microbial characteristics in four land use types: planted forests (PF), forage grass (FG), a mixture of plantation forest and forage grass (FF), and cropland (CR) as a reference. Our findings revealed that the richness of bacteria and
protists was higher in FF compared to PF, while fungal richness was lower in both PF and FF than in CR. Additionally, the bacterial Shannon index in FF was higher than that in CR and PF, while the fungal and protist Shannon indices were similar across all four land use types. Significant differences were observed in the compositions of bacterial, fungal, and protist communities between FF and the other three land use types, whereas bacterial, fungal, and protist communities were relatively similar in PF and FG. In FF, the relative abundance of bacterial taxa Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes was significantly higher than in PF and CR. Fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with the relative abundance of Ascomycota significantly higher in FF compared to other land use types. Regarding protistan taxa, the relative abundance of Chlorophyta was higher in FF compared to CR, PF, and FG, while the relative abundance of Apicomplexa was higher in CR compared to FF. Importantly, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, and microbial biomass nitrogen were identified as key soil properties predicting changes in the diversity of bacteria, fungi, and
protists. Our results suggest that the microbial community under FF exhibits greater sensitivity to vegetation restoration compared to PF and FG. This sensitivity may stem from differences in soil properties, the formation of biological crusts and root systems, and management activities, resulting in variations in bacterial, fungal, and protist diversity and taxa in PF. As a result, employing a combination restoration strategy involving plantation forest and forage grass proves to be an effective approach to enhance the microbial community and thereby improve ecosystem functionality in ecologically fragile areas.