在过去的几十年中,夜间人造光(ALAN)的使用在全球范围内急剧增加。艾伦可以对夜间社区产生重大影响,包括昆虫和蝙蝠。昆虫被路灯所吸引,很少有蝙蝠物种通过在被吸引的昆虫上觅食来利用这一点。ALAN可能会影响昆虫丰度的时间模式,从而影响蝙蝠的觅食行为。在自然黑暗的环境中,这些模式通常是双峰的,活动高峰在傍晚和早晨。人们对ALAN如何影响整个夜晚的昆虫的存在知之甚少,以及光谱是否起作用。这很重要,因为这些时间变化可能是蝙蝠-昆虫相互作用干扰的关键驱动因素。这里,我们研究了白光和红光如何影响昆虫和蝙蝠的夜间活动模式。昆虫和蝙蝠的活动(Pipistrelusspp。)是在森林边缘生态系统中的七个实验照明地点整夜记录的。艾伦破坏了活动模式,昆虫和蝙蝠在整个晚上都更加活跃。ALAN促进了蝙蝠的通宵觅食,尤其是在白光附近,但是这些影响在红光附近减弱了。通宵觅食的能力可能是导致同义蝙蝠在照明环境中占主导地位的关键优势,但从长远来看,这也可能是有害的。由于红光降低了ALAN对昆虫和蝙蝠diel活动模式的干扰作用,它打开了使用光谱组成作为缓解措施的可能性。
The use of artificial light at night (ALAN) has increased drastically worldwide over the last decades. ALAN can have major effects on nocturnal communities, including insects and bats. Insects are attracted to street lights and few bat species take advantage of this by foraging on the attracted insects. ALAN potentially affects the temporal patterns of insect abundance and thereby bat foraging behaviour. In a natural dark environment, these patterns are usually bimodal, with an activity peak in the early evening and the morning. Little is known about how ALAN affects insect presence throughout the night, and whether the light spectrum plays a role. This is important, as these temporal changes may be a key driver of disturbances in bat-insect interactions. Here, we studied how white and red light affect insects\' and bats\' nightly activity patterns. The activity of insects and bats (Pipistrellus spp.) was recorded throughout the night at seven experimentally illuminated sites in a forest-edge ecosystem. ALAN disrupted activity patterns, with both insects and bats being more active throughout the night. ALAN facilitated all-night foraging in bats especially near white light, but these effects were attenuated near red light. The ability to forage throughout the night may be a key advantage causing synanthropic bats to dominate in illuminated environments, but this could also prove detrimental in the long term. As red light reduced disturbing effects of ALAN on insects and bats diel activity pattern, it opens the possibility of using spectral composition as a mitigation measure.