背景:压疮是一个主要的健康问题。它们对医疗保健系统和个人产生重大影响,降低了多个领域的生活质量。在社区环境中,自我管理行为是预防的核心。然而,压疮预防指南的依从性仍然很低,几乎没有证据指导患者和医疗保健专业人员之间的关系建立和谐的伙伴关系。
目的:使用理论领域框架和能力综合有关社区压疮预防因素的证据,机会,动机,行为(COM-B)行为模型。
方法:混合方法系统回顾和叙事综合。
方法:在CINAHL中进行了系统搜索,科克伦,EMBASE,PsycINFO,PubMed,Scopus,和WebofScience数据库于2022年12月14日发布。如果研究包含与社区患者压力性溃疡预防指南的依从性和一致性相关因素的数据,看护者,和医疗保健专业人员。使用Hawker工具评估方法学质量。研究结果是使用理论域框架综合的。由此产生的主题被映射到能力,机会,动机,行为(COM-B)模型。
结果:30项研究纳入综述,包括定量,定性,和混合方法研究。合成确定了14个理论域中的12个框架域,有了知识,社会影响,关于后果的信念,和关于能力的信念最普遍。尽管知识似乎是遵守预防准则的重要因素,单靠知识似乎不足以实现和谐。医疗保健专业人员的知识促进了一种和谐的关系,与患者一起工作的动机和他们的优先事项,以及建立融洽和信任的人际交往能力,虽然障碍包括缺乏应对敏感问题的医疗保健专业技能,影响建筑融洽关系的患者依从性和组织过程的家长式观点。
结论:一些心理社会因素可能会影响个体之间实现和谐的能力,在社区中使用压疮预防指南的护理人员和医疗保健专业人员。然而,关于针对这些结构的行为改变干预措施的有效性的数据是有限的,需要进一步的研究来指导这一领域的干预发展。
BACKGROUND: Pressure ulcers are a major health concern. They have a significant impact on the healthcare system and individuals, reducing quality of life across several domains. In community settings, self-management behaviours are central to their prevention. However, adherence with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines remains low, with little evidence guiding the relationship between patients and healthcare professionals to establish a concordant partnership.
OBJECTIVE: To synthesise evidence on factors contributing to community-based pressure ulcer prevention using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model of behaviour.
METHODS: Mixed methods systematic review and narrative synthesis.
METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in the CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on 14th December 2022. Studies were eligible if they contained data on the factors associated with adherence and concordance with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines in the community for patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. Methodological quality was assessed using the Hawker tool. Findings were synthesised using the Theoretical Domains Framework. The resulting themes were mapped onto the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model.
RESULTS: Thirty studies were included in the review, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research. The synthesis identified 12 of the 14 Theoretical Domains Framework domains, with knowledge, social influences, beliefs about consequences, and beliefs about capabilities the most prevalent. Although knowledge appears to be an important contributor to adherence with prevention guidelines, knowledge alone does not appear sufficient to achieve concordance. A concordant relationship was facilitated by healthcare professionals\' knowledge, motivation to work alongside patients and their priorities, and interpersonal skills to build rapport and trust, whilst barriers included lack of healthcare professional skills to navigate sensitive issues, paternalistic views of patient compliance and organisational processes that impact building rapport.
CONCLUSIONS: Several psychosocial factors may affect the ability to achieve concordance between individuals, caregivers and healthcare professionals with pressure ulcer prevention guidelines in the community. However, data regarding the efficacy of behaviour change interventions targeting these constructs is limited, with further research required to guide intervention development in this area.