池塘养殖已成为我国最主要、最广泛的养殖模式,也是极其重要的水产品来源,但潜在致病菌(PPB)的潜在危害因素,抗生素抗性细菌(ARB),和抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)在水产养殖环境中很大程度上是不可见的。在本研究中,幼虫中的细菌群落,少年,饲养,对大草鱼(Ctenopharyngodonidellus)池塘的收获培养阶段进行了调查,微生物区系结构分析表明,幼虫培养阶段的丰度最高,最主要的门是变形杆菌(27.8%)。共有123个重要的京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)途径注释和9种细菌表型的相对丰度表明,幼虫培养阶段具有最丰富的致病潜力和可移动元素。环境因素的相关性分析表明,放养密度,pH值,透明度和透明度对微生物组分布和PPB均有显著影响。更重要的是,总共确定了40个ARB,16个ARGs的检出率为100%,这表明它们在水产养殖生产中分布广泛,高度富集。值得注意的是,这是第一份分析和理解PPB的可靠报告,ARB,池塘养殖中ARGs的特征及动态变化。
Pond aquaculture has become the most important and broadest breeding model in China, and an extremely important source of aquatic products, but the potential hazard factors of potential pathogenic bacteria (PPB), antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture environment are largely invisible. In the present study, the bacterial communities in the larvae, juvenile, rearing, and harvesting culture stages of great grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) ponds were investigated and the structure of microbial flora analysis showed that the larvae culture stage has the highest abundance and the most dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (27.8%). A total of 123 significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotations and the relative abundance of nine bacterial phenotypes implied that the larvae culture stage had the most abundance of pathogenic potential and mobile elements. The correlation analyses of environmental factors showed that temperature, stocking density, pH, and transparency showed the significant impacts on both the distribution of microbiome and the PPB. More importantly, a total of 40 ARB were identified, and 16 ARGs have the detection rates of 100%, which revealed that they are widely distributed and highly enriched in the aquaculture production. Notably, this is the first robust report to analyze and understand the PPB, ARB, and ARGs characteristics and dynamic changes in the pond aquaculture.