■后部小眼(PM)是一种罕见的发育障碍,以高度远视为特征,短轴向长度,存在视网膜乳头状瘤的褶皱和相对正常的眼前段发现。
■该研究的目的是比较PM病例之间距中央凹的视网膜拱廊距离,并将PM眼中的轴向缩短与影像学发现相关联。
■这次回顾展,比较病例系列包括12例PM患者的24只眼和相同数量的年龄和性别匹配的对照.光学相干断层扫描(OCT)的视网膜发现,OCT血管造影术,多色®图像,计算眼轴长度和角膜生物测量,比较并关联两组。
■在所有24个PM的眼中都注意到视网膜乳头状瘤的褶皱。在PM中注意到视网膜拱廊变窄(p<0.001)。中心视网膜(p<0.001)和脉络膜(p=0.003)在PM时厚。角膜生物测量显示较短的轴向长度(p<0.001),角膜曲率测量读数高(p<0.001)和角膜直径小(p=0.011)。在PM中,OCTA上的血管密度(p=0.031)更大,中央凹无血管区面积(p=0.033)减少。轴向长度与球形当量呈强烈负相关(r=>-0.804;p<0.001),血管密度(r=>-0.803;p=<0.001)和K1(r=>-0.76;p<0.001)和K2(r=>-0.67;p=0.001)在PM中记录角膜曲率测量读数。眼轴长度与前房深度呈显著正相关(r=0.75;p<0.001),中心凹无血管区面积(r=0.56;p=0.033)和角膜直径(r=0.65;p=0.001)。OCT血管造影的血管密度与中央角膜厚度(r=0.552;p=0.005),角膜屈光力K1(r=0.709;p=0.001)和K2(r=0.56;p=0.004)呈正相关,与角膜直径呈负相关(r=>-0.521;p=0.033)。
■脉络膜增厚和视网膜血管拱廊变窄是两个重要因素,PM注意到的有趣的观察结果。轴向长度之间的相互关系,OCT,OCT血管造影和角膜生物测量有助于了解PM眼的发病机制以及结构和血管变化。
Posterior microphthalmos (PM) is a rare developmental disorder characterised by high hyperopia, short axial length, presence of retinal papillomacular fold and relatively normal anterior segment findings.
The purpose of the study was to compare the retinal arcade distance from fovea between PM cases and to correlate axial shortening in PM eyes with imaging findings.
This retrospective, comparative case series included 24 eyes of 12 patients with PM as cases and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. Retinal findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography, Multicolour® image, axial length and corneal biometry were computed, compared and correlated between two groups.
Retinal papillomacular fold was noted in all 24 PM eyes. Retinal arcade narrowing was noted in PM (p < 0.001). The central retina (p < 0.001) and choroid (p = 0.003) was thick in PM. Corneal biometry showed shorter axial length (p < 0.001), high keratometry readings (p < 0.001) and small corneal diameters (p = 0.011) in PM. Vessel density (p = 0.031) on OCTA was denser and foveal avascular zone area (p = 0.033) reduced in PM. Strong negative correlation of axial length with spherical equivalent (r = > -0.804;p < 0.001), vessel density (r = > -0.803; p = <0.001) and K1 (r = > -0.76; p < 0.001) and K2 (r = > -0.67; p = 0.001) keratometry readings was noted in PM. Significant positive correlation was noted between axial length and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.75; p < 0.001), foveal avascular zone area (r = 0.56; p = 0.033) and corneal diameter (r = 0.65; p = 0.001). Vessel density on OCT-angiography correlated positively with central corneal thickness (r = 0.552;p = 0.005) and corneal powers K1 (r = 0.709; p = 0.001) and K2 (r = 0.56; p = 0.004) and negatively with corneal diameter (r = > -0.521; p = 0.033).
Increased choroidal thickening and retinal vascular arcade narrowing were two important, interesting observations noted with PM. Intercorrelation between the axial length, OCT, OCT-angiography and corneal biometry helped in understanding the pathogenesis and the structural and vascular changes in PM eyes.