地下水是成都市重要的供水水源,中国西部,严重缺水的地区。地下水中无机污染物的来源及其潜在的健康风险备受关注。在这项研究中,根据2021年在研究区收集的156个地下水样品,分析了水化学特征和控制因素。正矩阵分解(PMF)模型用于污染源分析,采用蒙特卡罗模拟(MCS)结合健康风险评价模型(HREM)对健康风险进行量化。结果表明,研究区地下水主要为Ca·Na-SO4·HCO3,Ca·Na-HCO3·SO4和Ca-HCO3·SO4类型。主要受蒸发-浓缩-结晶和岩石浸出-风化的组合影响。K+,Na+,Cl-主要来源于钾长石和岩盐的风化和溶解,而Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3-,和SO42-主要来自硫酸盐矿物的风化和溶解。地下水污染的主要来源及其贡献如下:生活污染(25.6%),溶解-过滤-蒸发-浓缩作用(22.8%),水文地球化学演化(15.8%),水-岩相互作用(12.8%),主要地质背景(12.1%),和农业面源污染(11.0%)。Cl-和As是非致癌和致癌风险的主要贡献者,分别。非致癌风险低于USEPA标准,虽然成人和儿童的砷的平均致癌风险超过了最大可接受风险水平阈值的23倍和109倍,分别。非致癌和致癌健康风险主要受污染物浓度的影响。主要地质背景和生活污染对成人(50.3%)和儿童(77.1%)的非致癌风险贡献最大,38.2%和10.3%,分别。本研究强调了建立地下水污染综合监测体系的必要性,加强工业废物管理实践,提高公众意识,减轻污染,确保成都市地下水资源的可持续利用。
Groundwater is a crucial water supply source in Chengdu City, western China, a region experiencing significant water scarcity. The sources of inorganic pollutants in groundwater and their potential health risks are of great concern. In this study, based on 156 groundwater samples collected in 2021 in the study area were analyzed for hydrochemical characterization and controlling factors. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model was used for contaminant source analysis, and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) combined with the Health Risk Evaluation Model (HREM) was used to quantify the health risks. The results indicate that the groundwater in the study area is predominantly of the Ca·Na-SO4·HCO3, Ca·Na-HCO3·SO4 and Ca-HCO3·SO4 types, mainly influenced by the combination of evaporation-concentration-crystallization and rock leaching-weathering. K+, Na+, and Cl- mainly originate from the weathering and dissolution of potassium feldspar and rock salt, while Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, and SO42- primarily come from the weathering and dissolution of sulfate minerals. The main sources of groundwater pollution and their contributions are as follows: domestic pollution (25.6 %), dissolution-filtration-evaporation-concentration action (22.8 %), hydrogeochemical evolution (15.8 %), water-rock interactions (12.8 %), primary geologic context (12.1 %), and agricultural non-point source pollution (11.0 %). Cl- and As are the primary contributors to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, respectively. Non-carcinogenic risks are below USEPA standards, while the average carcinogenic risk for arsenic exceeded the maximum acceptable risk level thresholds by 23 and 109 times for adults and children, respectively. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks were mainly influenced by pollutant concentrations. The primary geological background and domestic pollution contributed the most to the non-carcinogenic risk for adults (50.3 %) and children (77.1 %), and 38.2 % and 10.3 %, respectively. This study highlights the necessity of establishing a comprehensive groundwater pollution monitoring system, enhancing industrial waste management practices, and raising public awareness to mitigate contamination and ensure the sustainable use of groundwater resources in Chengdu City.