UNASSIGNED: Multiple Hereditary Exostoses is a rare autosomal dominant bone disorder that predominantly affects males at an incidence of (1:50,000 to 1:100,000) in Western populations. The etiology is owed to mutations in the EXT gene group, specifically EXT1 and EXT2 which cause the formation of Osteochondromas. Diagnosis is typically established in childhood. Nevertheless, vascular complications are extremely rare while being potentially fatal. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment are vital for such patients.
METHODS: We present the case of a 37-year-old Middle Eastern male with Multiple Hereditary Exostoses who experienced sudden-onset left lower limb pain persisting for a month prior to admission. It was associated with coldness and paresthesia of the ipsilateral lower limb. The presurgical radiological workup uncovered a popliteal pseudoaneurysm subsequent to Multiple Hereditary Exostoses.
UNASSIGNED: Through open surgery, the vascular perfusion was successfully restored, and a subsequent supra- to infra-geniculate popliteal artery anastomosis via saphenous vein grafting was done. Furthermore, the Osteochondroma was utterly resected to limit recurrence of another vascular injury. The following histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of an Osteochondroma as a result of MHE.
CONCLUSIONS: Multiple Hereditary Exostoses is a rare occurrence leading to pseudoaneurysms. This event underscores the need for further documentation to aid in establishing a prompt diagnosis and carrying out suitable interventions. Considering this pathology in a multidisciplinary approach ensures proper treatment. Following a comprehensive literature review, our case stands as the first case in the published literature from our country which emphasizes its value and rarity.

UNASSIGNED: Complications following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are rare, but injuries to the popliteal artery can occur. Popliteal pseudoaneurysms are a potential complication and can cause significant morbidity if not diagnosed and treated promptly.
UNASSIGNED: We describe the cases of two patients who developed nerve injuries following arthroscopic ACLR, with subsequent diagnosis of a popliteal pseudoaneurysm. The peroneal nerve recovered spontaneously in both cases, while the tibial nerve was reconstructed using autologous nerve grafting. Satisfying, functional recoveries were observed 24 months postoperatively.
UNASSIGNED: Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment of popliteal pseudoaneurysms are crucial to prevent further complications. However, timely diagnosis can be challenging due to inconsistent clinical presentations and a low index of suspicion. This case report highlights the need for increased awareness of this uncommon complication and provides insights into its pathophysiological mechanisms.

Exostosis (also known as osteochondroma) is the most common benign bony lump of young people, usually arising at the distal femur. Vascular complications associated with exostoses are rare and include true aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm formation, deep vein thrombosis, arteriovenous fistula, and arterial insufficiency of the limbs. Few case reports describe pseudoaneurysms resulting from exostoses in mature adults, and no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal therapy. We report the case of a 51-year-old male patient complaining of persistent right thigh pain with a pulsatile mass and right calf swelling, without a history of trauma or hereditary multiple exostoses. The diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography angiography, which showed a pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery resulting from an exostosis on the lateral aspect of the distal femur. A Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed popliteal vein thrombosis caused by the compression of the pseudoaneurysm. Surgical treatment consisted of removing the exostosis, excision of the pseudoaneurysm, and an end-to-end anastomosis. The deep vein thrombosis was treated with rivaroxaban for 3 months. The patient was discharged after 6 days and followed up for 6 months with satisfactory results.

Multiple hereditary exostosis is an osteogenic disorder that causes outgrowths of cartilaginous bone tumors that are associated with adjacent neurovascular compressive injuries. We present the case of an adolescent male with multiple hereditary exostosis complicated by popliteal pseudoaneurysm formation who underwent excision of the osteochondroma and vein patch angioplasty repair of the artery. We highlight the rare association between this genetic disease and subsequent vascular complications and review the available literature of arterial complications of this disease.

Mycotic pseudoaneurysms (PA) are an infrequent complication of infective endocarditis (IE). However, due to advanced imaging modality and early therapy, this complication has been seen less frequently in the past few years. The reported incidence is 5%-15% of the patients, with the most common site being intracranial vessels (up to 65%), followed by abdominal and then peripheral vessels. We describe a young patient with a bicuspid aortic valve complicated by IE, who developed a giant mycotic PA. This was treated with a cover stent of the aneurysmal segment, which was complicated by distal stent migration and eventually managed with bypass surgery.

Pasteurella multocida , a zoonotic infectious pathogen, is a rare cause of mycotic aneurysms in human hosts. A 76-year-old man was admitted at our emergency unit for a superinfection of his right limb. The patient was initially treated for a knee arthritis. After a first-line antibiotherapy, the patient was referred to the vascular department for the management of a right acute limb ischemia. The work-up revealed a ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery. The ruptured artery was surgically explanted, and a femoropopliteal bypass was then performed. Pasteurella multocida was detected after bacterial analysis of the aneurysm. The postoperative course was uneventful. This case is the first reported case, to our knowledge, of a popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm due to Pasteurella multocida infection.

Although exostosis or osteochondroma is a common bone tumor, associated vascular complications are rare. Clinical and radiological diagnoses are sometimes challenging, and there is no codification for surgical management. We report two cases of popliteal arterial pseudoaneurysms due to osteochondroma of the distal femur. A review of the current literature about case series and case reports of patients affected by arterial pseudoaneurysm complicating osteochondroma was also performed.

There is a lack of reports onr stent fracture with pseudoaneurysm formation in the femoropopliteal artery, which can cause restenosis or occlusion of the treated arterial segment. We present a case of a large pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery that was observed 18 months after popliteal stenting using a self-expandable nitinol stent. We describe an endovascular approach to overcome this severe complication. Stent fractures are an often overlooked complication of femoropopliteal stenting and can be associated with serious diseases. The popliteal artery was successfully treated using self-expandable Viabahn endoprosthesis.

Infected popliteal aneurysms are a rare but high-risk pathology that may present as a surgical emergency with acute rupture and sepsis. Management of acute ischemia in the presence of systemic sepsis is challenging and requires timely diagnosis, rapid intervention, and multidisciplinary communication to ensure an optimum outcome for both life and limb in these patients. We report on a case of a ruptured mycotic popliteal artery aneurysm as a consequence of septic embolization from infective endocarditis managed by reverse saphenous vein bypass. The clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and approach to management along with a literature review on mycotic popliteal aneurysm are presented in this case report.

This report presents the case of a 30-year-old motocross (BMX) cyclist with a third-degree posterior cruciate ligament rupture. The technique used for reconstruction was the transtibial single-bundle autologous hamstring technique. Unfortunately, the procedure was complicated by a popliteal pseudoaneurysm, which was located in line with the tibial canal. The pseudoaneurysm was treated with an end-to-end anastomosis and the patient recovered without further complaints. In this case, the popliteal artery was damaged most probably by the edge of the reamer or the guide wire during removal. Vascular complications can be limb- and life-threatening. This case report aims to increase the awareness of this serious complication with a review of the literature.