虽然压力性溃疡,营养不良,口腔健康状况不佳和跌倒在老年人中很常见,导致健康状况恶化,尚未在接受不同类型市政医疗保健的老年人中进行完全研究。这项研究的目的是确定压疮的患病率,营养不良,在瑞典南部,接受市政医疗保健的65岁以上老年人口腔健康状况不佳,跌倒。
使用来自国家质量注册高级警报的数据进行了回顾性横断面研究(n=12,518名年龄≥65岁的人)。压疮风险的患病率,营养不良,根据SeniorAlert中提供的仪器的分类数据计算口腔健康不良和跌倒。T-tests,卡方检验,采用Mantel-Haenszel检验和logistic回归模型。
压疮风险的患病率,营养不良,口腔健康不良和跌倒率分别为27.9%,56.3%,34.2%和74.5%。近90%的老年人至少有一种健康风险。压疮风险的患病率,与短期护理相比,痴呆症护理单位的口腔健康状况差和跌倒率明显更高,家庭保健和疗养院。与其他类型的住房相比,接受短期护理的老年人营养不良的患病率明显更高。与其他类型的住房相比,短期护理中营养不良风险的可能性更高。年龄最大的95-106岁年龄组的跌倒风险最高。与疗养院和家庭保健相比,一个受试者中存在多种健康风险在痴呆症家庭中更为常见,但与短期护理相比则不然。
压疮风险的患病率,营养不良,口腔健康状况不佳,跌倒很高,这意味着这些健康风险是接受市政医疗保健的老年人的极大关注。建议采取全面的辅助预防程序,以防止接受市政保健的老年人中所有已调查的健康风险。
Although pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls are common among older persons, causing deteriorated health status, they have not been studied altogether among older persons receiving different types of municipal health care. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls among older persons aged ≥65 years receiving municipal health care in southern Sweden.
A retrospective cross-sectional study (n = 12,518 persons aged ≥65 years) using data from the national quality registry Senior Alert was conducted. The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was calculated based on categorical data from the instruments available in Senior Alert. T-tests, chi-square test, the Mantel- Haenszel test and logistic regression models were performed.
The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was 27.9, 56.3, 34.2 and 74.5% respectively. Almost 90% of the older persons had at least one health risk. The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, poor oral health and falls was significantly higher in dementia care units compared to short term nursing care, home health care and nursing homes. The prevalence of risk for malnutrition was significantly higher among older persons staying in short term nursing care compared to other types of housing. The odds of having a risk for malnutrition were higher in short term nursing care compared to other types of housing. The oldest age group of 95-106 years had the highest odds of having a risk for falls. The presence of multiple health risks in one subject were more common in dementia homes compared to nursing homes and home health care but not compared to short term nursing care.
The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was high, implying that these health risks are a great concern for older persons receiving municipal health care. A comprehensive supporting preventive process to prevent all the investigated health risks among older persons receiving municipal health care is recommended.