附子多糖(AP)是从附子药材及其各种加工产品中提取的一类生物活性大分子。自AP于1986年首次分离以来,其药理作用包括免疫调节,抗肿瘤,抗抑郁症,器官保护,低血糖,并发现了抗炎药。近年来,随着多糖提取技术的发展,分离,和结构识别技术,从附子及其加工产品中分离出20多种AP,它们在相对分子量上有明显的差异,单糖组成,糖苷键,结构特征,和生物活动。特别是,AP可能会被溶解,退化,或在复杂的发酵加工环境下变构,浸泡,烹饪,等。,导致AP的多元化结构,这为进一步理解AP的构效关系提供了可能。因此,本研究系统综述了AP的结构和构效关系的研究进展,综述了AP的生物活性和潜在作用机制,并讨论了AP开发和应用中的技术挑战,从而促进AP的质量控制和进一步开发利用。
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata polysaccharides(AP) are a class of bioactive macromolecules extracted from the herbs of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and its various processed products. Since the AP was first separated in 1986, its pharmacological effects include immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-depression, organ protection, hypoglycemia, and anti-inflammatory had been found. In recent years, with the development of polysaccharide extraction, separation, and structure identification technologies, more than 20 kinds of AP have been separated from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and its processed products, and they have ob-vious differences in relative molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond, structural characteristics, and biological activities. In particular, AP may be dissolved, degraded, or allosteric under the complex processing environment of fermentation, soaking, cooking, etc., leading to the diversified structure of AP, which provides a possibility for further understanding of the structure-activity relationship of AP. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the research progress on the structure and structure-activity relationship of AP, summarized the biological activity and potential action mechanism of AP, and discussed the technical challenges in the development and application of AP, so as to promote the quality control and further development and utilization of AP.