背景:已经做出了大量努力来评估聚-γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对作物生长的影响,产量和质量,土壤保水性和肥料利用效率。然而,很少有研究评估γ-PGA对不同水稻品种稻田温室气体(GHG)排放和粮食产量的影响。
方法:在本研究中,进行了分裂图现场实验,以全面评估γ-PGA浓度的影响(即,不应用[P0]和25.0kgha-1的γ-PGA发酵液[P1])和水稻品种(即,常规大米[黄花站,H],红米[Gangteyou8024,R]和黑米[黑印度米,B])在粮食产量上,温室气体排放,全球变暖潜势(GWP)温室气体强度(GHGI),2022年和2023年中国中部水稻生长季节的净生态系统经济利润(NEEP)和碳足迹(CF)。
结果:应用γ-PGA显著影响温室气体排放,需要和CF。与P0处理相比,P1处理显著增加了1.2-11.2%的NEEP,并将GWP降低了12.9-35.4%,2022-2023年,GHGI下降16.5-35.9%,CF下降13.8-26.2%。γ-PGA的应用显示出增加产率的趋势。在γ-PGA应用条件下,R处理表现出最低的GWP,GHGI和CF,与B和H处理相比,产量和NEEP最高。
结论:我们的结果表明,施用γ-PGA是提高水稻产量的生态农业管理,减少温室气体排放,提高经济效益,红米的优势比其他水稻品种更显著。
BACKGROUND: Significant efforts have been devoted to assess the effects of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on crop growth, yield and quality, soil water retention and fertilizer use efficiency. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of γ-PGA on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and grain yield from paddy fields with different rice varieties.
METHODS: In the present study, a split-plot field experiment was performed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of γ-PGA concentrations (i.e., no application [P0] and 25.0 kg ha-1 of γ-PGA fermentation solution [P1]) and rice varieties (i.e., conventional rice [Huanghuazhan, H], red rice [Gangteyou 8024, R] and black rice [Black indica rice, B]) on the grain yield, GHG emissions, global warming potential (GWP), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), net ecosystem economic profit (NEEP) and carbon footprint (CF) during 2022 and 2023 rice-growing seasons in central China.
RESULTS: Application of γ-PGA significantly affected the GHGs emissions, NEEP and CF. Compared with P0 treatments, P1 treatments significantly increased the NEEP by 1.2-11.2 %, and decreased the GWP by 12.9-35.4 %, the GHGI by 16.5-35.9 % and the CF by 13.8-26.2 % in 2022-2023. Application of γ-PGA showed a tendency to increase the yield. Under γ-PGA application condition, R treatment exhibited the lowest GWP, GHGI and CF, and the highest yield and NEEP compared with B and H treatments.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that γ-PGA application is an ecological agricultural management to increase rice yield, reduce greenhouse gas emission and increase economic benefit, and its advantage is more significant for red rice than for other rice varieties.