目标:考虑到脊髓灰质炎(PM)在非流行地区的重新出现,很明显,疫苗可预防的疾病可以迅速发展,甚至大流行的潜力。需要评估当前的疫苗接种状况以告知患者,卫生保健提供者和政策制定者关于疫苗接种差距。
方法:在2022年10月28日至2022年11月23日之间,来自VACCELEREATE志愿者登记处的5,989名成年人填写了一份电子病例报告表,其中包括以前的PM疫苗剂量,类型/-效价和根据疫苗接种记录的给药时间。进行单/多变量回归分析以评估参与者特征和免疫状态的关联。
结果:在德国志愿者中(n=5,449),在1,981名(36%)参与者中发现了完整的PM免疫计划。不确定的免疫接种,由于以前未知的PM疫苗接种(n=313,6%),剂量数(n=497,9%),在40%(n=2,192)中发现了类型/效价(n=1,233,23%)或不一致的免疫计划(n=149,3%)。在报告免疫计划不完整的1,276名(23%)参与者中,62(1%)从未接种过任何PM疫苗。共有5,074名(93%)志愿者报告至少接种了一次疫苗,2,087名(38%)表示他们在过去十年内接受了疫苗接种。女性性别,年龄较小,以及首次疫苗接种记录的可用性是与完全免疫显著相关的特征(p<0.001).
结论:全PM免疫计划较低,由于缺乏给药剂量的详细信息,状态经常被归类为不确定。显然需要改进记录,以便在没有集中免疫登记册的情况下长期获得详细的疫苗接种史。
OBJECTIVE: Considering the re-emergence of poliomyelitis (PM) in non-endemic regions, it becomes apparent that vaccine preventable diseases can rapidly develop epi- or even pandemic potential. Evaluation of the current vaccination status is required to inform patients, health care providers and policy makers about vaccination gaps.
METHODS: Between October 28 2022 and November 23 2022, 5,989 adults from the VACCELEREATE Volunteer Registry completed an electronic case report form on their previous PM vaccine doses including number, types/-valencies and the time of administration based on their vaccination records. A uni-/multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess associations in participant characteristics and immunization status.
RESULTS: Among German volunteers (n = 5,449), complete PM immunization schedule was found in 1,981 (36%) participants. Uncertain immunization, due to unknown previous PM vaccination (n = 313, 6%), number of doses (n = 497, 9%), types/-valencies (n = 1,233, 23%) or incoherent immunization schedule (n = 149, 3%) was found in 40% (n = 2,192). Out of 1,276 (23%) participants who reported an incomplete immunization schedule, 62 (1%) never received any PM vaccine. A total of 5,074 (93%) volunteers reported having been vaccinated at least once and 2,087 (38%) indicated that they received vaccination within the last ten years. Female sex, younger age, as well as availability of first vaccination record were characteristics significantly associated with complete immunization (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Full PM immunization schedule was low and status frequently classified as uncertain due to lack of details on administered doses. There is an obviousneed for improved recording to enable long-term access to detailed vaccination history in the absence of a centralized immunization register.