目的:音高感知失真(PPD)是一个新颖的术语,描述了一种现象,伴奏歌手对他们演唱的音高相对于乐队或伴奏的感知变得含糊不清,导致以下两个条件之一:a)歌手认为他们与伴奏失调,但正如听众所感知的那样,或b)歌手认为他们与伴奏保持一致,但不是。这项初步研究旨在调查PPD在扩增人群中的存在和发生率,陪同表演者,并确定相关变量。
方法:招募了115位歌手参加在线调查,收集有关音乐训练的信息,性能环境,和PPD经验。
结果:报告的PPD发生率为68%,92%的受访者表示PPD很少发生。据报道,与PPD体验最相关的因素包括舞台音量大,歌曲熟悉度差,在一个人习惯性的音高范围之外唱歌,大声唱歌。与以前的研究和我们的假设相反,在听觉反馈的模态之间没有发现关联(例如,耳内监护仪和地板监护仪)和PPD的发生率。此外,研究发现,较高水平的训练与较高的PPD发生率相关.
结论:报告的发病率支持PPD存在于偶然和轶事经历之外。根据训练有素的样本,数据表明,伴随着,放大的表演可能更多地与听觉环境相关-特别是大声的舞台音量-以及训练有素的歌手对该环境的响应的调音策略,而不是歌手对声乐语调技能的掌握。大声的阶段体积被认为是与PPD相关的主要因素,这可能与葡萄球菌反射有关。未来的调查将针对在建立基线听觉反射阈值和语调准确性的客观测量后,在受过训练的歌手中尝试激发PPD。
OBJECTIVE: Pitch perception distortion (PPD) is a novel term describing a phenomenon in which an amplified, accompanied singer\'s perception of their sung pitch relative to band or accompaniment becomes ambiguous, leading to one of two conditions: a) the singer believes they are out of tune with the accompaniment, but are in tune as perceived by a listener, or b) the singer believes they are in tune with the accompaniment, but are not. This pilot study aims to investigate the existence and incidence of PPD among amplified, accompanied performers and identify associated variables.
METHODS: 115 singers were recruited to participate in an online survey, which collected information on musical training, performance environment, and PPD experience.
RESULTS: Reported PPD incidence was 68%, with 92% of respondents indicating that PPD occurred rarely. The factors reported as most associated with PPD experiences included loud stage volume, poor song familiarity, singing outside one\'s habitual pitch range, and singing loudly. Contrary to previous studies and our hypotheses, no association was found between modality of auditory feedback (e.g., in-ears versus floor monitors) and incidence of PPD. Additionally, higher levels of training were found to be associated with higher incidence of PPD.
CONCLUSIONS: The reported incidence supports that PPD exists beyond chance and anecdotal experience. In light of the highly trained sample, the data suggest that pitch accuracy in accompanied, amplified performance may be more associated with aural environment-specifically loud stage volume-and a highly trained singer\'s tuning strategy in response to that environment rather than a singer\'s mastery of vocal intonation skills in isolation. Loud stage volume was implicated as a primary factor associated with PPD, which may be related to the stapedius reflex. Future investigations will target attempted elicitation of PPD in trained singers after establishing baseline auditory reflex thresholds and objective measurements of intonation accuracy.