抗生素的过度使用导致抗生素耐药菌株的出现,比如多重耐药,广泛耐药,和抗pandrug细菌。由这些菌株引起的感染的治疗已经成为一个巨大的挑战。在后抗生素时代,噬菌体疗法是解决这个问题的一个有吸引力的解决方案,一些成功的1期和2期研究已经证明了噬菌体疗法在过去十年中的有效性和安全性。这是进化医学的一种形式,噬菌体表现出免疫调节和抗炎特性。然而,噬菌体疗法受到因素的限制,如宿主菌株的窄谱,体内特殊的药代动力学和药效学,免疫反应,以及噬菌体抗性的发展。本综述的目的是比较裂解噬菌体和化学抗生素治疗细菌感染的效力。噬菌体疗法的优点是副作用少,自我复制,进化,细菌生物膜根除,与化学抗生素相比的免疫调节和抗炎特性。同时,噬菌体疗法的缺点包括可用宿主菌株的窄谱,体内特殊的药代动力学和药效学,免疫反应,和噬菌体抵抗障碍。最近,一些研究人员继续努力克服噬菌体疗法的这些局限性。噬菌体疗法将是治疗抗生素抗性细菌感染的可选方案的一个受欢迎的补充。我们专注于噬菌体疗法的优点和局限性,旨在利用优点并克服局限性。
The overuse of antibiotics has caused the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, such as multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and pandrug-resistant bacteria. The treatment of infections caused by such strains has become a formidable challenge. In the post-antibiotic era, phage therapy is an attractive solution for this problem and some successful phase 1 and 2 studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of phage therapy over the last decade. It is a form of evolutionary medicine, phages exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, phage therapy is limited by factors, such as the narrow spectrum of host strains, the special pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo, immune responses, and the development of phage resistance. The aim of this minireview was to compare the potencies of lytic phages and chemical antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. The advantages of phage therapy has fewer side effects, self-replication, evolution, bacterial biofilms eradication, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties compared with chemical antibiotics. Meanwhile, the disadvantages of phage therapy include the narrow spectrum of available host strains, the special pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo, immune responses, and phage resistance hurdles. Recently, some researchers continue to make efforts to overcome these limitations of phage therapy. Phage therapy will be a welcome addition to the gamut of options available for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. We focus on the advantages and limitations of phage therapy with the intention of exploiting the advantages and overcoming the limitations.