背景:酒精使用及其相关后果是年轻人的公共卫生问题。基于有效的个性化规范性反馈干预措施,动态规范可以用来突出年轻人中酒精使用的患病率随着时间的推移而下降,从而增加了他们改变饮酒趋势的动机。因为有限的研究已经研究了酒精使用的动态规范反馈干预措施,我们检查了这种干预的可接受性和初始疗效,以及向轻度饮酒者和不饮酒者展示关于饮酒的规范反馈的潜在医源性影响。
方法:参与者是546名18-24岁未接种疫苗的年轻人,他们完成了基线调查,干预,和1个月的随访评估。参与者被随机分组接受简短的基于网络的动态规范干预,反馈内容集中在(a)酒精相关行为(干预)或(b)COVID-19疫苗行为(本研究的注意力匹配对照)。
结果:平均而言,接受酒精干预的参与者将其评为普遍参与,乐于助人,并且可以接受,大多数人(90.8%)表示他们会推荐给朋友。支持初始疗效,在控制人口统计学和基线酒精结果的广义线性模型中,在1个月的随访中,酒精干预与所有感知饮酒规范指数的统计学和临床显着降低相关,饮酒量,饮酒频率,酒后驾车的场合。较轻的饮酒者没有不良的医源性影响。
结论:使用动态趋势呈现与酒精相关的个性化规范反馈对于减少社区青年样本中的酒精使用是一种有希望的干预措施。需要进一步的研究来澄清动态规范的最佳表示。
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use and its related consequences are a public health problem among young adults. Building upon efficacious personalized normative feedback interventions, dynamic norms can be used to highlight the decreasing prevalence of alcohol use over time among young adults\' peers, thereby increasing their motivation to change drinking consistent with the trend. Because limited research has examined dynamic norms feedback interventions for alcohol use, we examined the acceptability and initial efficacy of such an intervention, and potential iatrogenic effects of showing norms feedback about drinking to light drinkers and nondrinkers.
METHODS: Participants were 546 unvaccinated young adults ages 18-24 who completed a baseline survey, intervention, and 1-month follow-up assessment. Participants were block randomized to receive a brief web-based dynamic norms intervention, with feedback content focused on either (a) alcohol-related behaviors (intervention) or (b) COVID-19 vaccine behaviors (the attention-matched control for the present study).
RESULTS: On average, participants who received the alcohol intervention rated it as generally engaging, helpful, and acceptable, with the majority (90.8%) indicating that they would recommend it to a friend. Supporting initial efficacy, in generalized linear models controlling for demographics and baseline alcohol outcomes, at 1-month follow-up the alcohol intervention was associated with statistically and clinically significant reductions in all indices of perceived drinking norms, drinking quantity, drinking frequency, and driving after drinking occasions. Lighter drinkers showed no adverse iatrogenic effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Presenting alcohol-related personalized normative feedback using dynamic trends is a promising intervention for reducing alcohol use in a community sample of young adults. Further research clarifying the optimal presentation of dynamic norms is needed.