心包囊肿很少见,每100,000人中约有1人发生,10个心包囊肿实际上可能是心包憩室。心包囊肿和憩室具有相似的发育起源,并且可能在无症状患者的胸部X线照片中偶然发现。CT扫描被认为是诊断和描绘周围解剖结构的最佳方式。在评估由心包囊肿引起的压缩效应时,建议使用心脏MRI。作者建议在存在导致心血管和气道症状的压缩效应的情况下,超声心动图用于连续随访和图像引导的心包囊肿抽吸。根据心包囊肿的大小,需要一种系统的方法来管理心包囊肿,形状和压缩效果,症状和易于获得连续超声心动图随访。然而,心包憩室可能无法通过上述测试与囊肿区分开来,只在手术中被确认.
Pericardial cysts are rare with an incidence of about 1 in every 100,000 persons and one in 10 pericardial cysts may actually be a pericardial diverticulum. Pericardial cysts and diverticula share similar developmental origin and may appear as an incidental finding in chest roentgenogram in an asymptomatic patient. CT scan is considered as best modality for diagnosis and delineation of the surrounding anatomy. Cardiac MRI is recommended in the evaluation of the compressive effects caused by the pericardial cysts. The authors recommend echocardiography for serial follow up and image guided aspiration of the pericardial cyst in presence of compressive effects leading to cardiovascular and airway symptoms. A systematic approach is desirable for management of pericardial cysts depending on size, shape and compression effects, symptoms and easy access to serial Echocardiographic follow up. However, pericardial diverticulum may not be differentiated from cysts by the above testing, and only identified at surgery.