本研究的目的是评估棕色鱼粉在中国甲鱼饮食中替代白色鱼粉的效果,并找到棕色鱼粉的最佳添加量。设立5个实验组,给动物喂食,它们由不同比例的白色和棕色鱼粉组成:G1(30%白色和25%棕色鱼粉),G2(25%白色和30%棕色鱼粉),G3(20%白色和35%棕色鱼粉),G4(15%白色和40%棕色鱼粉),G5(10%白色和45%棕色鱼粉)。G1作为对照组。将海龟随机分为五个实验组,每组重复四次。实验持续72天。结果表明,WGR,SGR,FCR,G3组HSI与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,棕色鱼粉可以增加它们肌肉中的粗蛋白含量。血清生化指标中,G3组与G1组之间无显著差异,除TG水平外(P>0.05)。同时,AST的活动,ALT,G3组肝脏CAT与G1组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。然而,ACP的活动,AKP,G3组T-AOC明显下降(P<0.05)。此外,鱼粉的改变并不影响胃中消化酶的活性,肝脏,和肠,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重要的是,随着棕色鱼粉添加的增加,Fas的表达,pparγ,Scd,和Stat3显示显著增加,而Bmp4的表达明显下降(P<0.05)。在这项研究中,在中国甲鱼的饮食中添加20%的白鱼粉和35%的棕色鱼粉不会对生长性能产生不利影响。因此,在这项研究中,20%的白鱼粉和35%的棕色鱼粉是最实用的饲料配方。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brown fishmeal in replacement of white fishmeal in the diet of Chinese soft-shelled turtles and to find the optimal amount of brown fishmeal to add. Five experimental groups were set up and fed to animals, and they were composed by different proportions of white and brown fishmeal: G1 (30% white and 25% brown fishmeal), G2 (25% white and 30% brown fishmeal), G3 (20% white and 35% brown fishmeal), G4 (15% white and 40% brown fishmeal), G5 (10% white and 45% brown fishmeal). G1 is regarded as the control group. Turtles were randomly divided into five experimental groups with four replicates each. The experiment lasted 72 days. The results showed that the WGR, SGR, FCR, and HSI of the G3 group were not significantly different from those of the control group (P > 0.05). In addition, brown fishmeal can increase the crude protein content in the muscles of them. Among the serum biochemical indices, there was no significant difference between the G3 group and the G1 group, except for the level of TG (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of AST, ALT, and CAT in the liver of the G3 group did not differ significantly from those of the G1 group (P > 0.05). However, the activities of ACP, AKP, and T-AOC were significantly decreased in the G3 group (P < 0.05). In addition, the alteration of fishmeal did not affect the digestive enzyme activities in the stomach, liver, and intestine, and there is no significant difference (P > 0.05). Importantly, with increasing brown fishmeal addition, the expression of Fas, Pparγ, Scd, and Stat3 showed a significant increase, while the expression of Bmp4 decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In this study, the addition of 20% white fishmeal and 35% brown fishmeal to the diet of Chinese soft-shelled turtles did not adversely affect growth performance. Therefore, 20% white fishmeal and 35% brown fishmeal are the most practical feed formulations for Chinese soft-shelled turtles in this study.