目的:构建脓毒症集束化治疗管理与实践方案,探讨其临床应用效果。
方法:(1)脓毒症捆绑治疗管理与实践方案的构建:成立项目组进行文献综述,精选专家,编制和分发问卷,组织,分析专家意见,并确保整个研究过程的质量控制。2022年10月至11月,开展专家函询。并通过现场填写和微信发放和收集问卷。使用Likert5点量表对每个项目进行评分。(2)方案的临床应用:回顾性选取2022年1-7月新疆医科大学第一附属医院重症监护病房(ICU)收治的脓毒症患者90例作为对照组,并对脓毒症采取常规集束化治疗和护理策略。前瞻性选取2023年1-7月收治的90例脓毒症患者作为干预组。根据对照组的治疗和护理策略,采用Delphi查询方法构建的脓毒症捆绑治疗管理和实践方案。1小时的完成率,3小时和6小时捆绑,治疗1、3、7天的炎症指标水平,比较两组患者的预后指标。
结果:(1)脓毒症捆绑治疗管理和实践计划的构建:最终计划由4个主要指标组成,15个二级指标和34个三级指标。两轮调查问卷的回复率均为100%。专家权威值系数分别为0.948和0.940。每个项目的变异系数分别为0-0.287和0-0.187。肯德尔的W系数分别为0.242和0.249,具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(2)方案的临床应用:基线资料如年龄、性别,感染部位,病原体物种,机械通气的持续时间,序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA),两组之间的急性生理和慢性健康评估II(APACHEII)。1小时的完成率,干预组的3小时和6小时捆扎高于对照组(1小时捆扎完成率:53.30%vs.21.10%,3小时捆绑完成率:92.20%与80.00%,6小时捆绑完成率:88.89%65.56%,所有P<0.05)。C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,白细胞计数(WBC),降钙素原(PCT),白细胞介素-6(IL-6)在两组患者不同时间点差异有统计学意义,群体之间,以及相互作用的影响。与对照组相比,干预组ICU住院时间明显缩短[天数:7.00(4.00,14.00)vs.8.00(7.00,20.00),P<0.01],ICU住院费用显著降低[万元:4.63(3.36,6.19)vs.6.46(3.32,11.34),P<0.05]。干预组28天死亡率低于对照组(33.33%vs.46.67%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论:构建的脓毒症集束化治疗管理和实践方案可以提高集束化治疗的完成率,缩短脓毒症患者ICU住院时间,降低ICU住院费用,并有降低28天死亡率的趋势。
OBJECTIVE: To construct a bundled therapy management and practice program for sepsis and explore its clinical application effect.
METHODS: (1) Construction of sepsis bundled therapy management and practice program: a project team was established to conduct literature review, select experts, compile and distribute questionnaires, organize, analyze expert opinions, and ensure quality control throughout the research process. From October to November 2022, expert letter consultation was carried out, and questionnaires were distributed and collected by on-site filling and WeChat. The Likert 5-point scale was used to rate each item. (2) Clinical application of the protocol: ninety patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to July 2022 were retrospectively selected as the control group, and routine bundle treatment and nursing strategy for sepsis were adopted. Ninety patients with sepsis admitted from January to July 2023 were prospectively selected as the intervention group. Based on the treatment and nursing strategy of the control group, sepsis bundled therapy management and practice program constructed using the Delphi inquiry method was implemented. The completion rate of 1-hour, 3-hour and 6-hour bundle, the levels of inflammatory indicators at 1, 3, 7 days of treatment, and prognostic indicators were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: (1) Construction of sepsis bundled therapy management and practice program: the final plan consists of 4 primary indicators, 15 secondary indicators and 34 tertiary indicators. The response rates for both rounds of inquiry questionnaires were 100%. The coefficients of expert authority value were 0.948 and 0.940, respectively. The coefficient of variation for each item was 0-0.287 and 0-0.187, respectively. Kendall\'s W coefficients were 0.242 and 0.249, respectively, with statistical significances (all P < 0.05). (2) Clinical application of the protocol: there were no statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age, gender, infection site, pathogen species, duration of mechanical ventilation, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) between the two groups. The completion rate of 1-hour, 3-hour and 6-hour bundle in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group (1-hour bundle completion rate: 53.30% vs. 21.10%, 3-hour bundle completion rate: 92.20% vs. 80.00%, 6-hour bundle completion rate: 88.89% vs. 65.56%, all P < 0.05). The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in two groups of patients showed statistically significant differences at different time points, between groups, and in interaction effects. Compared with the control group, the length of ICU stay in the intervention group was significantly shortened [days: 7.00 (4.00, 14.00) vs. 8.00 (7.00, 20.00), P < 0.01], and the hospitalization cost of ICU was significantly reduced [ten thousand yuan: 4.63 (3.36, 6.19) vs. 6.46 (3.32, 11.34), P < 0.05]. The 28-day mortality in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group (33.33% vs. 46.67%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The constructed bundled therapy management and practice program for sepsis can improve the completion rate of bundle treatment, shorten the length of ICU stay of sepsis patients, reduce the hospitalization cost in ICU, and have a tendency to reduce the 28-day mortality.