理解环境变化对双壳类水产养殖的潜在影响对于气候变化情景下的可持续性至关重要。特别是在洪堡电流系统(HCS)中,预计上升流加剧会导致频繁的缺氧和酸化。在为期一年的研究中,在两个深度(1.5米,6.5m)在受沿海上升流影响的海湾中。地表水表现出温暖,良好的氧合条件和较高的叶绿素a浓度,而在更大的深度缺氧和酸化事件发生,尤其是在上升流期间。由于在培养的最初一个月中生长速度较快,因此表面培养的牡蛎的尺寸大60%,重量大35%。10个月后,表面牡蛎的状况指数(CI)增加,而底部的指数保持较低。食物供应,温度,和氧气,与更高的增长率相关,而pH值与形态计量学变量相关,这表明较大的牡蛎倾向于在较高的pH下发展。上升流通常会增加CI,但底部牡蛎面临缺氧和酸化等压力条件,导致性能下降。然而,它们通过改变外壳的有机成分并使其更坚固来适应。这项研究表明,在加剧上升流的情况下,牡蛎会慢慢生长,导致更小的尺寸和更低的性能,但是挑战可能会通过生物质生产和壳结构和功能维护之间的复杂补偿机制来面对。这对水产养殖业的可持续性构成了重大挑战,强调需要采取适应性战略来减轻气候变化的影响。
Comprehending the potential effects of environmental variability on bivalves aquaculture becomes crucial for its sustainability under climate change scenarios, specially in the Humboldt Current System (HCS) where upwelling intensification leading to frequent hypoxia and acidification is expected. In a year-long study, Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) were monitored at two depths (1.5m, 6.5m) in a bay affected by coastal upwelling. Surface waters exhibited warmer, well-oxygenated conditions and higher chlorophyll-a concentrations, while at depth greater hypoxia and acidification events occur, especially during upwelling. Surface cultured oysters exhibited 60 % larger size and 35% greater weight due to faster growth rate during the initial month of cultivation. The condition index (CI) increases in surface oysters after 10 months, whereas those at the bottom maintain a lower index. Food availability, temperature, and oxygen, correlates with higher growth rates, while pH associates with morphometric variables, indicating that larger oysters tend to develop under higher pH. Increased upwelling generally raises CI, but bottom oysters face stressful conditions such as hypoxia and acidification, resulting in lower performance. However, they acclimate by changing the organic composition of their shells and making them stronger. This study suggests that under intensified upwelling scenario, oysters would grow slowly, resulting in smaller sizes and lower performance, but the challenges may be confronted through complex compensation mechanisms among biomass production and maintenance of the shell structure and function. This poses a significant challenge for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry, emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change.