纳米颗粒被认为是递送水溶性差的药物的有力方法。主要挑战之一是开发制备药物纳米颗粒的适当方法。作为一个简单的,快速和可扩展的方法,Flash纳米沉淀法(FNP)已被广泛用于制备这些药物纳米颗粒,包括纯药物纳米晶体,聚合物胶束,聚合物纳米颗粒,固体脂质纳米粒,和聚电解质络合物。本文介绍了FNP在可控混合装置制备水溶性差的药物纳米颗粒中的应用。如约束冲击射流混合器(CIJM),多入口涡流混合器(MIVM)和许多其他微流体混合器系统。详细描述了FNP形成药物纳米颗粒的机理和过程。然后,在FNP过程中控制过饱和水平和混合速率,以定制超细药物纳米颗粒以及药物的影响,溶剂,反溶剂,讨论了稳定剂和温度对制造的影响。CIJM制备的水溶性差的药物纳米粒的超细均匀纳米粒,简要回顾了MIVM和微流体混合器系统。我们相信,微流控混合装置在实验室中的应用具有连续的过程控制和良好的重现性,将有利于工业配方的扩大。
Nanoparticles are considered to be a powerful approach for the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. One of the main challenges is developing an appropriate method for preparation of drug nanoparticles. As a simple, rapid and scalable method, the flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) has been widely used to fabricate these drug nanoparticles, including pure drug nanocrystals, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and polyelectrolyte complexes. This review introduces the application of FNP to produce poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles by controllable mixing devices, such as confined impinging jets mixer (CIJM), multi-inlet vortex mixer (MIVM) and many other microfluidic mixer systems. The formation mechanisms and processes of drug nanoparticles by FNP are described in detail. Then, the controlling of supersaturation level and mixing rate during the FNP process to tailor the ultrafine drug nanoparticles as well as the influence of drugs, solvent, anti-solvent, stabilizers and temperature on the fabrication are discussed. The ultrafine and uniform nanoparticles of poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles prepared by CIJM, MIVM and microfluidic mixer systems are reviewed briefly. We believe that the application of microfluidic mixing devices in laboratory with continuous process control and good reproducibility will be benefit for industrial formulation scale-up.