疫苗相关淋巴结病(VAL)是2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗接种后18F-FDGPET/CT检查的常见发现。然而,关于18F-rhPSMA-7.3-配体PET的VAL的数据目前缺乏。这项研究评估了患病率,对疫苗接种的时间反应,和VAL的特点。方法:回顾性分析2333例连续接种和41例未接种的确诊前列腺癌患者接受18F-rhPSMA-7.3PET/CT的情况。测量腋窝淋巴结的大小和摄取。确定同侧与对侧腋窝淋巴结的SUVmax比率(SUVratio)。分析了COVID-19疫苗接种后腋窝淋巴结PSMA亲和力持续时间的SUVratio特征。结果:18F-rhPSMA-7.3PET上VAL的患病率为45%。在最后一次COVID-19疫苗接种后的8周,SUVratio为阳性(2.05±0.17)。此后,SUVratio显着下降(1.35±0.09),接近未接种组的值(1.1±0.2)。转移性腋窝淋巴结的SUVratio非常高(>11),可以很容易地通过视觉或半定量检测。在3名患者中,我们观察到可疑的发展,并连续证实涉及腋窝淋巴结转移,SUVratio在4.0至6.6之间。发现SUVratio与淋巴结大小(r=0.93,P<0.0001)与疫苗后淋巴结大小和持续时间(r=-0.88,P<0.0008)之间存在相关性。结论:在COVID-19疫苗接种后,腋窝淋巴结对PSMA配体18F-rhPSMA-7.3的摄取增加是常见的,并且可以持续8周。在解释18F-rhPSMA-7.3PET/CT检查时应考虑这一发现。
Vaccine-associated lymphadenopathy (VAL) is a common finding on 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, data regarding VAL on 18F-rhPSMA-7.3-ligand PET are currently lacking. This study assesses the prevalence, temporal response to vaccination, and characteristics of VAL. Methods: Two hundred thirty-three consecutive vaccinated and 41 unvaccinated patients with confirmed prostate cancer who underwent 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed. Size and uptake of the axillary lymph nodes were measured. Ratios of SUVmax of ipsilateral to contralateral axillary lymph node (SUVratio) were determined. The characteristics of SUVratio in respect to the duration of PSMA avidity in the axillary lymph node after COVID-19 vaccination was analyzed. Results: The prevalence of VAL on 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET was 45%. Up to a period of 8 wk after the last COVID-19 vaccination, SUVratio was positive (2.05 ± 0.17). Thereafter, SUVratio dropped significantly (1.35 ± 0.09) and approached the value of unvaccinated group (1.1 ± 0.2). SUVratio of metastatic axillary lymph nodes was very high (>11) and can be easily detected visually or semiquantitatively. In 3 patients, we observed suspected development and consecutively confirmed involving metastasis of axillary lymph node with SUVratio between 4.0 to 6.6. Correlation between SUVratio and lymph node size (r = 0.93, P < 0.0001) and lymph node size and duration after vaccine (r = -0.88, P < 0.0008) was found. Conclusion: Increased uptake of the PSMA ligand 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 by axillary lymph nodes is common after COVID-19 vaccination and can persist for 8 wk. This finding should be considered in the interpretation of 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET/CT examinations.