背景:聚集淋巴样结节区(ALNA)的存在是双峰驼皱胃中观察到的显着解剖学特征。这个区域由两个独立的区域组成,即网状粘膜折叠区(RMFR)和纵向粘膜折叠区(LMFR)。ALNA的组织学特性与胃肠道系统中发现的Peyer斑块(PPs)的组织学特性显着相似。检查了ALNA的功能特征与胃肠系统中的粘膜免疫有关。
结果:我们对十二只双峰骆驼进行了基于iTRAQ的蛋白质组学分析,以测量ALNA中表达的蛋白质量。在实验中,我们分别从ALNA中取样RMFR和LMFR,并将它们的蛋白质组学定量结果与来自PPs的样品进行比较.共鉴定出1253种蛋白质,其中在RMFR和PPs之间发现了39种差异表达蛋白(DEP),在LMFR和PP之间发现了33个DEP,在LMFR和RMFR之间发现了22个DEP。蛋白质FLNA,选择MYH11和HSPB1进行使用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)的验证,并且发现观察到的表达谱与从iTRAQ研究获得的结果一致。利用InnateDB数据库来获得与ALNA中的免疫相关蛋白有关的数据。据观察,很大一部分,具体为76.6%,发现这些蛋白质中的蛋白质与人类免疫相关基因具有相同的正统群。这些蛋白质被认为与多种功能有关,包括摄取,抗原的加工和呈递,激活淋巴细胞,T细胞和B细胞受体的信号通路,和肌动蛋白聚合的控制。
结论:实验结果表明,在ALNA和PPs中发现的免疫相关蛋白存在相似之处。尽管LMFR和RMFR的结构存在差异,在两种结构中产生的蛋白质表现出高度的相似性,并且在粘膜免疫反应的背景下表现出相当的功能。
BACKGROUND: The presence of Aggregated Lymphoid Nodules Area (ALNA) is a notable anatomical characteristic observed in the abomasum of Bactrian camels. This area is comprised of two separate regions, namely the Reticular Mucosal Folds Region (RMFR) and the Longitudinal Mucosal Folds Region (LMFR). The histological properties of ALNA exhibit significant similarities to those of Peyer\'s patches (
PPs) found in the gastrointestinal system. The functional characteristics of ALNA were examined in relation to mucosal immunity in the gastrointestinal system.
RESULTS: We used iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis on twelve Bactrian camels to measure the amount of proteins expressed in ALNA. In the experiment, we sampled the RMFR and LMFR separately from the ALNA and compared their proteomic quantification results with samples from the
PPs. A total of 1253 proteins were identified, among which 39 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were found between RMFR and
PPs, 33 DEPs were found between LMFR and
PPs, and 22 DEPs were found between LMFR and RMFR. The proteins FLNA, MYH11, and HSPB1 were chosen for validation using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the observed expression profiles were found to be in agreement with the results obtained from the iTRAQ study. The InnateDB database was utilized to get data pertaining to immune-associated proteins in ALNA. It was observed that a significant proportion, specifically 76.6%, of these proteins were found to be associated with the same orthogroups as human immune-related genes. These proteins are acknowledged to be associated with a diverse range of functions, encompassing the uptake, processing and presentation of antigens, activation of lymphocytes, the signaling pathways of T-cell and B-cell receptors, and the control of actin polymerization.
CONCLUSIONS: The experimental results suggest that there are parallels in the immune-related proteins found in ALNA and
PPs. Although there are variations in the structures of LMFR and RMFR, the proteins produced in both structures exhibit a high degree of similarity and perform comparable functions in the context of mucosal immune responses.