背景:弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)是一种恶性肿瘤。尽管已经建立了一些标准疗法来提高治愈率,它们对特定个人仍然无效。因此,寻找更多新的治疗方法是有意义的。巨噬细胞极化广泛参与肿瘤的发展过程。重组水蛭素(rH)影响巨噬细胞,最近在临床试验中得到了广泛的研究。我们的文章通过收集临床样本并随后建立细胞模型来验证rH在巨噬细胞极化中的调节作用以及PAR-1的机制,从而为发现新的治疗方法提供科学支持的观点。
方法:我们评估了巨噬细胞极化标志物的表达,临床样本中的细胞因子和PAR-1。我们通过与THP-1和OCI-Ly10细胞共培养建立了细胞模型。我们通过流式细胞术确定细胞极化程度和验证细胞因子的表达,ELISA,和RT-qPCR以确认细胞模型的成功。随后,添加不同剂量的rH以发现rH对细胞极化的功能。我们通过转染si-PAR-1和pcDNA3.1-PAR-1证实了PAR-1在巨噬细胞极化中的机制。
结果:我们发现在32个DLBCL样本中M2巨噬细胞标记(CD163CMAF)和PAR-1的表达更高。在诱导单核细胞分化为M0巨噬细胞并与OCI-Ly10淋巴瘤细胞共培养后,我们在细胞模型中发现这些表达的趋势与临床样本一致。随后,我们发现rH促进M1巨噬细胞的极化,但抑制M2巨噬细胞的极化。我们还发现PAR-1调节巨噬细胞极化,抑制细胞增殖,迁移,侵袭和血管生成能力。
结论:rH抑制巨噬细胞向M2型极化,PAR-1调节极化,扩散,迁移,入侵,和DLBCL相关巨噬细胞的血管生成。
BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignant tumour. Although some standard therapies have been established to improve the cure rate, they remain ineffective for specific individuals. Therefore, it is meaningful to find more novel therapeutic approaches. Macrophage polarisation is extensively involved in the process of tumour development. Recombinant hirudin (rH) affects macrophages and has been researched frequently in clinical trials lately. Our article validated the regulatory role of rH in macrophage polarisation and the mechanism of PAR-1 by collecting clinical samples and subsequently establishing a cellular model to provide a scientifically supported perspective for discovering new therapeutic approaches.
METHODS: We assessed the expression of macrophage polarisation markers, cytokines and PAR-1 in clinical samples. We established a cell model by co-culture with THP-1 and OCI-Ly10 cell. We determined the degree of cell polarisation and expression of validation cytokines by flow cytometry, ELISA, and RT-qPCR to confirm the success of the cell model. Subsequently, different doses of rH were added to discover the function of rH on cell polarisation. We confirmed the mechanism of PAR-1 in macrophage polarisation by transfecting si-PAR-1 and pcDNA3.1-PAR-1.
RESULTS: We found higher expression of M2 macrophage markers (CD163 + CMAF+) and PAR-1 in 32 DLBCL samples. After inducing monocyte differentiation into M0 macrophages and co-culturing with OCI-Ly10 lymphoma cells, we found a trend of these expressions in the cell model consistent with the clinical samples. Subsequently, we discovered that rH promotes the polarisation of M1 macrophages but inhibits the polarisation of M2 macrophages. We also found that PAR-1 regulates macrophage polarisation, inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenic capacity.
CONCLUSIONS: rH inhibits macrophage polarisation towards the M2 type and PAR-1 regulates polarisation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of DLBCL-associated macrophages.