动物生产中的生理过程是通过生物活性分子如肽来调节的,蛋白质,以及通过基础科学的发展及其应用确定的激素。在调节生理反应中起重要作用的主要多肽之一是垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽(PACAP)。PACAP属于胰高血糖素/生长激素释放激素(GHRH)/血管活性肠蛋白(VIP)家族,调节采食量,压力,和鸟类的免疫反应。这些调控大多发生在PACAP刺激cAMP信号通路后,它可以调节基因的表达,如MuRF1,FOXO1,Atrogin1和其他连接酶,这些连接酶是泛素系统的重要成员。另一方面,PACAP刺激CRH的分泌以应对压力,激活泛素信号通路,在蛋白质降解中起着至关重要的作用,并调节氧化应激和免疫反应。许多关于啮齿动物的研究,哺乳动物,和其他模型证实了PACAP的调节作用,cAMP,和泛素途径;然而,没有研究测试PACAP诱导的家禽cAMP信号是否调节泛素途径。此外,研究PACAP是否可以通过HPA轴刺激改变的CRH调节应激反应过程中的泛素信号。因此,这篇综述强调了一些研究的总结,这些研究表明PACAP和泛素信号通路通过cAMP和应激信号通路对家禽不同分子和生理参数的潜在相互作用。
The physiological processes in animal production are regulated through biologically active molecules like peptides, proteins, and hormones identified through the development of the fundamental sciences and their application. One of the main polypeptides that plays an essential role in regulating physiological responses is the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (
PACAP).
PACAP belongs to the glucagon/growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)/vasoactive intestinal proteins (VIP) family and regulates feed intake, stress, and immune response in birds. Most of these regulations occur after
PACAP stimulates the cAMP signaling pathway, which can regulate the expression of genes like MuRF1, FOXO1, Atrogin 1, and other ligases that are essential members of the ubiquitin system. On the other hand,
PACAP stimulates the secretion of CRH in response to stress, activating the ubiquitin signaling pathway that plays a vital role in protein degradation and regulates oxidative stress and immune responses. Many studies conducted on rodents, mammals, and other models confirm the regulatory effects of
PACAP, cAMP, and the ubiquitin pathway; however, there are no studies testing whether PACAP-induced cAMP signaling in poultry regulates the ubiquitin pathway. Besides, it would be interesting to investigate if PACAP can regulate ubiquitin signaling during stress response via CRH altered by HPA axis stimulation. Therefore, this review highlights a summary of research studies that indicate the potential interaction of the PACAP and ubiquitin signaling pathways on different molecular and physiological parameters in poultry species through the cAMP and stress signaling pathways.