在Crassostreagigas的感染过程中,通过A到I的转换对链球菌疱疹病毒1(OsHV-1)RNA进行酶促修饰。与OsHV-1RNA平行的ADAR1表达和超编辑活性的增加表明dsRNA编辑和抗病毒反应之间的功能联系。我们分析了来自免疫引发的87个RNA-seq数据集,抗性,和暴露于OsHV-1的易感牡蛎,以比较宿主和病毒转录本上的ADAR超编辑水平,并追踪牡蛎基因上的超编辑。宿主RNA比病毒RNA被高度编辑,尽管在感染后期病毒RNA的编辑增加。一组基因,代表牡蛎转录组的0.5%,包括几个含有三方基序的序列,不断被过度编辑。相反,我们确定了与抗病毒反应有关的基因,miRNA成熟,和仅在特定条件下被过度编辑的表观遗传调控。尽管技术和生物瓶颈阻碍了对双壳类RNA编辑组的理解,“可用的工具和技术可以适应双壳软体动物。重要性链球菌疱疹病毒-1(OsHV-1)是双壳类动物的有害病原体,比如牡蛎。然而,在分子水平上缺乏关于宿主病毒相互作用的知识,阻碍了正确管理病毒爆发和相关大规模死亡的可能性。值得注意的是,OsHV-1转录本在感染过程中被宿主RNA编辑酶大量修饰,导致沿着假定双链构象的RNA的多个A到I变异。这些修饰对宿主转录本的影响是,然而,不完全清楚。分析用OsHV-1感染的牡蛎的RNA-seq数据,我们发现〜0.5%的牡蛎转录组总是被ADAR酶促修饰,而参与抗病毒反应的基因,miRNA成熟,和表观遗传调控仅在特定条件下被过度编辑。尽管我们的结果,相关技术瓶颈削弱了RNA编辑事件的准确定量,需要一种专门致力于逐步理解牡蛎“RNA编辑组”的方法。\"
Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) RNAs are enzymatically modified by A-to-I conversions during the infection of Crassostrea gigas. The increase of ADAR1 expression and hyper-editing activity parallel to OsHV-1 RNAs suggests a functional connection between dsRNA editing and antiviral responses. We analyzed 87 RNA-seq data sets from immuno-primed, resistant, and susceptible oysters exposed to OsHV-1 to compare the ADAR hyper-editing levels on host and viral transcripts and trace hyper-editing on the oyster genes. Host RNAs were more hyper-edited than viral RNAs, despite the increased editing of viral RNAs in late infection phases. A set of genes, representing ∼0.5% of the oyster transcriptome and including several tripartite motif-containing sequences, were constantly hyper-edited. Conversely, we identified genes involved in antiviral response, miRNA maturation, and epigenetic regulation that were hyper-edited in specific conditions only. Despite technical and biological bottlenecks that hamper the understanding of the bivalve \"RNA editome,\" available tools and technologies can be adapted to bivalve mollusks. IMPORTANCE Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) is a harmful pathogen of bivalve species, such as oysters. However, knowledge is lacking about host-virus interactions at the molecular level, hampering the possibility of a correct management of viral outbreaks and related massive mortalities. Notably, OsHV-1 transcripts are massively modified by host RNA editing enzyme during infection, resulting in multiple A-to-I variations along RNAs assuming double-strand conformations. The impact of these modifications on host transcripts is, however, not completely clear. Analyzing RNA-seq data of oysters infected with OsHV-1, we revealed that ∼0.5% of the oyster transcriptome is always enzymatically modified by ADAR, whereas genes involved in antiviral response, miRNA maturation, and epigenetic regulation were hyper-edited in specific conditions only. Despite our results, relevant technical bottlenecks impair an accurate quantification of RNA editing events, making necessary an approach specifically dedicated to the progressive understanding of oyster \"RNA editome.\"