癌症是全球公共卫生问题,仍然是美国死亡的主要原因之一(Siegel等人。CA癌症JClin.72:7-33,2022)。据估计,到2022年,美国将有大约935,000例新的癌症病例被诊断为女性。50岁以下的女性患浸润性癌的可能性为5.8%(Siegel等人。CA癌症JClin.72:7-33,2022)。然而,筛选程序的进步,诊断方法,和治疗方案大大提高了患有多种癌症的育龄女性的五年生存率。鉴于性腺毒性癌症治疗的临床后果,年轻,女性癌症幸存者可能面临生育能力受损的问题,卵巢早衰,早发更年期,和内分泌失调(Bedoschi等人。未来的Oncol。12:2333-44,2016).性腺毒性副作用可能包括存活卵泡内卵母细胞质量下降,卵巢卵泡丢失,卵巢功能受损.在育龄妇女中,卵母细胞质量是成功临床妊娠和健康后代的重要因素,因为质量差的卵母细胞可能是不孕症的原因(McClam等人。BiolReprod。106:328-37,2022;Marteil等人。ReprodBiol.9:203-24,2009;Krisher。JAnimSci.82:E14-E23,2004).因此,至关重要的是,确定癌症治疗后卵巢中存活卵泡的数量和质量,并评估那些存活卵泡中的卵母细胞质量,因为这些是确定卵巢功能恢复和未来生育能力的标志物。特别是对于年轻的癌症幸存者(Xu等人。NatMed.17:1562-3,2011)。癌症疗法对卵母细胞质量的长期影响受以下因素的影响:但不限于,个体患者特征(例如,年龄、健康史,合并症,等。),疾病类型,或治疗方案(Marci等人。ReprodBiolEndocrinol.16:1-112,2018)。这些影响可能在临床上转化为存活卵母细胞的产生受损和生育能力受损(Garutti等人。ESMO开放。6:100276,2021)。
Cancer is a global public health issue and remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States (Siegel et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 72:7-33, 2022). It is estimated in the US in 2022, about 935,000 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in women, and the probability of developing invasive cancer is 5.8% for females younger than 50 years old (Siegel et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 72:7-33, 2022). However, advances in screening programs, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options have greatly increased the five-year survival rate in reproductive-age women with a variety of cancers. Given the clinical consequences of gonadotoxic cancer therapies, young, female cancer survivors may face compromised fertility, premature ovarian insufficiency, early-onset menopause, and endocrine dysregulation (Bedoschi et al. Future Oncol. 12:2333-44, 2016). Gonadotoxic side effects may include decreased oocyte quality within surviving follicles, loss of ovarian follicles, and impaired ovarian function. In reproductive-age women, oocyte quality is an important element for successful clinical pregnancies and healthy offspring as poor-quality oocytes may be a cause of infertility (McClam et al. Biol Reprod. 106:328-37, 2022; Marteil et al. Reprod Biol. 9:203-24, 2009; Krisher. J Anim Sci. 82: E14-E23, 2004). Thus, it is critical to determine the quantity and quality of surviving follicles in the ovary after cancer treatment and to assess oocyte quality within those surviving follicles as these are markers for determining the capacity for ovarian function restoration and future fertility, especially for young cancer survivors (Xu et al. Nat Med. 17:1562-3, 2011). The long-term effects of cancer therapeutics on oocyte quality are influenced by factors including, but not limited to, individual patient characteristics (e.g. age, health history, comorbidities, etc.), disease type, or treatment regimen (Marci et al. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 16:1-112, 2018). These effects may translate clinically into an impaired production of viable oocytes and compromised fertility (Garutti et al. ESMO Open. 6:100276, 2021).