背景:自2002年以来,当我们发表有关前穿孔物质(APS)的文章时,有关该地区的知识已大大增加。
目的:为了更好地描述区域的解剖结构,在先前的解剖材料中添加了新的解剖材料,为了维持采用SPACE序列的MRI解剖分析,与我们的意象学同事互动。尤其是,我们的目标是通过MRI识别和地形定位APS-无名性实质(SI)的主要结构。
方法:演示如下各个步骤:(1)区域及其相邻区域的位置和边界;(2)用简单的轮廓对区域进行示意性描述;(3)对SI及其三个系统进行粗略的修订;(4)区域及其血管的解剖的连续图像,说明并在可能的情况下完成,通过自愿实验受试者(ES)的MRI图像。
结果:使用此方法,我们可以从解剖学和影像学上暴露该区域的大部分结构。
结论:可以通过放大和习惯性显微手术器械接近该区域进行解剖,效果满意。我们认为,除了纤维束造影外,还应采用其他解剖学方法。腹侧纹状体和扩展杏仁核(EA)的主要结构可以用SPACE序列鉴定。杏仁核和Meynert的基底神经节(BGM)由于其相似的信号而容易混淆。解剖学线索可以指导临床医生了解MRI中BGM的不同簇。
结论:解剖需要事先了解区域和良好的耐心。APS是一个小空间,集中了端脑的基本血管,“通过”或穿孔,和相关功能导入的神经结构。从解剖学和核磁共振的角度来看,神经和血管结构都遵循一个和谐和地形可描述的计划。SPACEMRI序列已被证明是识别该区域中不同结构的有用工具,如纹状体和EA。纤维的解剖学知识有助于寻找基底神经节的簇。
Since 2002, when we published our article about the anterior perforated substance (APS), the knowledge about the region has grown enormously.
To make a better description of the anatomy of the zone with new dissection material added to the previous, to sustain the anatomical analysis of the MRI employing the SPACE sequence, interacting with our imagenology colleagues. Especially, we aim to identify and topographically localize by MRI the principal structures in APS-substantia innominata (SI).
The presentation follows various steps: (1) location and boundaries of the zone and its neighboring areas; (2) schematic description of the region with simple outlines; (3) cursory revision of the SI and its three systems; (4) serial images of the dissections of the zone and its vessels, illustrated and completed when possible, by MRI images of a voluntary experimental subject (ES).
With this method, we could expose most of the structures of the region anatomically and imagenologically.
The zone can be approached for dissection with magnification and the habitual microsurgical instruments with satisfactory results. We think that fibers in this region should be followed by other anatomical methods in addition to tractography. The principal structures of ventral striopallidum and extended amygdala (EA) can be identified with the SPACE sequence. The amygdala and the basal ganglion of Meynert (BGM) are easily confused because of their similar signal. Anatomical clues can orient the clinician about the different clusters of the BGM in MRI.
The dissection requires a previous knowledge of the zone and a good amount of patience. The APS is a little space where concentrate essential vessels for the telencephalon, \"en passage\" or perforating, and neural structures of relevant functional import. From anatomical and MRI points of view, both neural and vascular structures follow a harmonious and topographically describable plan. The SPACE MRI sequence has proved to be a useful tool for identifying different structures in this area as the striatopallidal and EA. Anatomical knowledge of the fibers helps in the search of clusters of the basal ganglion.