纳米比亚和南非的沿海水域有着广泛的石油泄漏历史,截至2021年,记录为71人。据报道,39起溢漏影响了83,224只海鸟,非洲企鹅(Spheniscusdemersus;91.0%)和斗篷(Moruscapensis;8.5%)受影响最大。影响海鸟的溢漏是由不明来源造成的(46%),散装货船(43%),油轮(38%)和船对船转移(14%)。根据25至75公里内的繁殖种群大小预测了被油的企鹅数量,但不是溢油的量,月份或年份。自2001年以来溢油企鹅的康复记录显示,入院当天(相对于溢油开始)可以预测细胞体积。体重,和血浆总固体,后两者预测康复成功。我们的结果强调了在殖民地进行快速监测以在发生泄漏时定位油污鸟类的重要性。
The coastal waters of Namibia and South Africa have an extensive history of oil spills, with 71 recorded up to 2021. Thirty-nine spills reportedly affected 83,224 seabirds, with African penguins (Spheniscus demersus; 91.0 %) and Cape gannets (Morus capensis; 8.5 %) most affected. Spills affecting seabirds were caused by unknown sources (46 %), bulk/cargo carriers (43 %), tankers (38 %) and ship-to-ship transfers (14 %). The number of penguins oiled was predicted by the breeding population size within 25 to 75 km, but not the volume of oiled spilled, the month or the year. Rehabilitation records from penguins oiled in spills since 2001 reveal that the day of admission (relative to the start of the spill) was predictive of packed cell volume, body mass, and plasma total solids, with the latter two being predictive of rehabilitation success. Our results highlight the importance of rapid monitoring at colonies to locate oiled birds in the event of spills.