目前,对于许多重金属(HM),尚未建立动力学对温度和pH值的明显依赖性,因此,在未来的情景中,很难预测和量化海洋变暖和酸化对金属生物地球化学的影响。为了了解HMs对未来海洋变暖和酸化的反应,我们估计了六个溶解的HMs的时空变化和污染状况(即,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Hg,和As)在2012-2014年期间在整个渤海的表层海水中。结果表明,Zn,Pb,Cd,Hg,渤海海水中的As分别在2.01-3.18、10.47-15.58、0.85-2.31、0.25-0.55、0.05-0.13和1.24-1.98μgL-1之间。空间上,研究的HMs的平均浓度通常从三个海湾向中心区域下降,除了在某些情况下在渤海中部相对较高的汞。这意味着,除了大陆的投入,可能还有其他过程影响汞的分布格局,如气旋或反气旋回旋,表层和底层之间的底栖通量,以及一些海洋浮游和微生物活动。对海水中6种HMs的污染评估表明,渤海的主要危险污染物是铅和汞。对温度和pH对HMs的局部和交互影响的分析表明,改变温度和pH对HMs的交互影响比直接的温度/pH关系复杂得多。结果表明,未来海洋变暖和酸化将显著影响渤海海水中溶解的HMs的浓度,但是有不同的关系。
At present, a clear dependency of the dynamics upon temperature and pH has not been established for many heavy metals (HMs), so making it difficult to project and quantify the impact of ocean warming and acidification on metal biogeochemistry in future scenarios. To understand the responses of HMs to future ocean warming and acidification, we estimated the spatial-temporal variations and pollution status of six dissolved HMs (i.e., Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As) in surface seawater throughout the Bohai Sea during 2012-2014. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As in seawater of the Bohai Sea were between 2.01-3.18, 10.47-15.58, 0.85-2.31, 0.25-0.55, 0.05-0.13, and 1.24-1.98 μg L-1, respectively. Spatially, the average concentrations of the studied HMs generally decreased from the three bays towards the central area, except for Hg which was relatively high in the central Bohai Sea in some cases. This implied that, in addition to continental inputs, there may be other processes affecting the distribution pattern of Hg, such as cyclonic or anticyclonic gyres, benthic fluxes between surface and bottom layers, and some marine planktonic and microbial activities. The pollution assessments of six HMs in seawater revealed that the major risk pollutants were Pb and Hg across the Bohai Sea. Analyses of the local and interactive effects of temperature and pH on HMs showed that the interactive effect of changing temperature and pH on HMs is much more complex than a direct temperature/pH relationship with HMs. Altogether, the results suggested that future ocean warming and acidification will significantly influence the concentrations of dissolved HMs in seawater of the Bohai Sea, but with different relationships.