土壤生物在陆地生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。在大生态尺度上,了解地下土壤生物群的群落结构和多样性的势头越来越大。在不同的生态系统中,土壤生物群的土壤理化性质具有不同的趋势;然而,人们对杉木人工林多个土壤深度对林分发育的反应知之甚少,这是中国最重要的树种,因其木材生产而受欢迎。
这里,我们调查了土壤细菌的群落组装,真菌,古细菌,使用代表中国南方五个不同林分年龄(5、8、21、27、40年)的杉木时间序列,在三个不同的垂直土壤剖面(0-10、10-20、20-40厘米)上的原生动物和动物。
高通量illumineHiseq2500测序。
我们的结果表明,土壤生物群落表现出细菌的α多样性下降的趋势,真菌,土层深度增加的原生生物和动物;然而,古细菌表现出相反的趋势。最丰富的土壤细菌,真菌,考古,原生生物和动物类别是酸性细菌,蘑菇,Bathyarchaeia,绿藻科和Clitellata,分别。生物群落的垂直分布与土壤理化性质变化的相关性解释了全氮(TN),有效磷(AP)和pH是影响土壤生物群落变化的主要因子。尽管林分年龄是真菌和动物β多样性的一个促成因素,然而,与土壤深度相比,它并没有主要影响其他生物群落的结构。
集体,这些结果揭示了杉木人工林不同林龄土壤生物群落垂直变化和不同响应模式的新视角。
Soil biota plays a crucial role in the terrestrial ecosystem. There is growing momentum to understand the community structure and diversity of total belowground soil biota across large ecological scales. Soil biota follow divergent trends with respect to soil physiochemical properties in different ecosystems; however, little is known about their response to stand development across multiple soil depths in Chinese fir plantations, which is the most important tree species across all over China, popular for its timber production.
Here, we investigated the community assembly of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists and animals across three different vertical soil profiles (0-10, 10-20, 20-40 cm) using a chronosequence of Chinese fir representing five different stand ages (5, 8, 21, 27, 40 years) in South China.
High throughput illumine Hiseq2500 sequencing.
Our results showed that soil biotic communities exhibited a decreasing trend in alpha diversity of bacteria, fungi, protists and animals with increasing soil depth; however, archaea showed an opposite trend. Most abundant soil bacterial, fungal, archaeal, protist and animal classes were Acidobacteriia, Agaricomycetes, Bathyarchaeia, Chlorophyceae and Clitellata, respectively. Correlation of vertical distribution of biotic communities and variations in soil physiochemical properties explained that total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and pH were the most influencing factors for changes in soil biotic communities. Although the stand age was a contributing factor for fungal and animal beta diversity, however, as compared to soil depth, it was not dominatingly influencing the structure of other biotic communities.
Collectively, these results reveal a new perspective on the vertical variation and distinct response patterns of soil biotic communities at a fine scale across different stand ages of Chinese fir plantations.