乳制品行业正在成为全球食品行业中最大的行业之一,这些行业使用了近34%的水。使用的水的量由生产过程和工厂中采用的技术决定。因此,乳制品行业每升加工牛奶产生近0.2-10L的废水,在排入水体之前必须进行处理。使用乳品废水在混合营养状态下培养微藻可增强生物量生长,生产力,和增值产品的积累。产生的生物质可以转化为生物燃料,从而限制了对石油基原油的依赖。为了实现藻类生物精炼模式,重要的是在级联回路中利用每个废物流。此外,从藻类生物质生产中产生的收获水可以再循环用于进一步的微藻生长。经济和可持续的废水管理,随着从乳品废水中适当回收营养物质,是缓解水资源短缺问题的一种有前途的方法。一项文献计量研究表明,使用微藻进行生物燃料生产的乳制品废水处理工作有限。And,据报道,在微藻处理之前,通过物理化学方法对乳品废水进行预处理的工作有限。在大规模种植过程中仍然存在很大的差距。发现与特定浓度的污染物高度兼容的强大菌株也至关重要,因为这将导致目标生物产品的产量和生产率增加。最后,光生物反应器中培养基的再利用研究对于评价整个过程的生产率是必要的。因此,将微藻生物炼制与废水处理概念相结合,具有促进生态可持续性的巨大潜力。
The dairy industry is becoming one of the biggest sectors within the global food industry, and these industries use almost 34% of the water. The amount of water used is governed by the production process and the technologies employed in the plants. Consequently, the dairy industries generate almost 0.2-10 L of wastewater per liter of processed milk, which must be treated before being discharged into water bodies. The cultivation of microalgae in a mixotrophic regime using dairy wastewater enhances biomass growth, productivity, and the accumulation of value-added product. The generated biomass can be converted into biofuels, thus limiting the dependence on petroleum-based crude oil. To fulfill the algal biorefinery model, it is important to utilize every waste stream in a cascade loop. Additionally, the harvested water generated from algal biomass production can be recycled for further microalgal growth. Economic and sustainable wastewater management, along with proper reclamation of nutrients from dairy wastewater, is a promising approach to mitigate the problem of water scarcity. A bibliometric study revealing limited work on dairy wastewater treatment using microalgae for biofuel production. And, limited work is reported on the pretreatment of dairy wastewater via physicochemical methods before microalgal-based treatment. There are still significant gaps remains in large-scale cultivation processes. It is also crucial to discover robust strains that are highly compatible with the specific concentration of contaminants, as this will lead to increased yields and productivity for the targeted bio-product. Finally, research on reutilization of culture media in photobioreactor is necessary to augument the productivity of the entire process. Therefore, the incorporation of the microalgal biorefinery with the wastewater treatment concept has great potential for promoting ecological sustainability.