目的:针对职业噪声暴露的危害,本研究调查了泰州市职业性噪声暴露与妊娠期高血压疾病的关系,浙江省,为我国降低妊娠期高血压疾病的发生提供启示和借鉴。
方法:本横断面研究对温州医科大学附属浙江省台州医院2020年5月至2023年5月收治的316例泰州市孕妇的临床资料进行分析。根据《声环境质量标准》(GB3096-2008),60dB被用作截止点。这些孕妇被分为低噪声组(LNG,n=161)和高噪声组(HNG,n=155)根据工作环境中的噪声暴露水平。这项研究还比较了噪声暴露,血压(BP),空腹血糖(FBG),血脂(BL),胎儿大小,心率(HR),并分析了噪声暴露与BP的关系,FBG,BL,胎儿大小,HR,和妊娠期高血压的发生。
结果:HNG具有较高的噪声暴露水平(P<0.001),BP,FBG,BL和HR(P<0.001),与LNG相比,胎儿体积更大(P<0.001),妊娠期高血压的发生率更高(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,噪声暴露水平与BP呈正相关,FBG,BL,HR,和胎儿大小(P<0.001),与妊娠期高血压的相关性最强。
结论:职业噪声暴露对孕妇和胎儿有不良影响。孕妇应注意接触职业噪声,预防妊娠期高血压。这项研究的结果必须进一步验证和推广。
OBJECTIVE: In view of the hazards of occupational noise exposure, this study investigated the relationship between occupational noise exposure and gestational hypertension in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China to provide inspiration and reference for reducing the occurrence of gestational hypertension.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed the clinical data of 316 pregnant women in Taizhou City admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from May 2020 to May 2023. In accordance with Acoustic Environment Quality Standards (GB3096-2008), 60 dB was used as the cut-off point. These pregnant women were divided into the low noise group (LNG, n = 161) and high noise group (HNG, n = 155) according to the noise exposure level in the working environment. This also study compared the noise exposure, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid (BL), fetal size, and heart rate (HR), and analyzed the relationship of noise exposure with BP, FBG, BL, fetal size, HR, and occurrence of gestational hypertension.
RESULTS: The HNG had higher noise exposure level (P < 0.001), BP, FBG, BL and HR (P < 0.001), larger fetal size (P < 0.001) and higher occurrence of gestational hypertension (P < 0.05) compared with the LNG. Correlation analysis showed that noise exposure level was positively correlated with BP, FBG, BL, HR, and fetal size (P < 0.001) and had the strongest association with gestational hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: Occupational noise exposure has adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses. Pregnant women should pay attention to their exposure to occupational noise to prevent gestational hypertension. The results of this study must be further verified and generalized.