睡眠是人类生活中不可或缺的重要组成部分,对整体健康和福祉做出重大贡献,但是全世界有相当多的人经历睡眠障碍。睡眠障碍的诊断很大程度上取决于对睡眠阶段的准确分类。传统上,这种分类是由训练有素的睡眠技术人员手动进行的,他们可以直观地检查多导睡眠图记录。然而,为了减轻这一过程的劳动密集型性质,自动化方法已经开发出来。这些自动化方法旨在简化和促进睡眠阶段分类。这项研究旨在对包含失眠受试者的数据集中的睡眠阶段进行分类,PLM,和睡眠呼吸暂停。该数据集包括来自国家睡眠研究资源(NSRR)的多种族动脉粥样硬化研究(MESA)队列的PSG记录,包括2056个科目。在这些科目中,130人失眠,39患有PLM,156人有睡眠呼吸暂停,其余1731人被列为睡眠良好者。这项研究提出了一种自动计算机技术来对睡眠阶段进行分类,使用基于小波的Hjorth参数开发具有可解释的人工智能(XAI)功能的机器学习模型。已采用最佳的双正交小波滤波器组(BOWFB)从30秒的脑电图(EEG)时期提取子带(SB)。三个脑电图通道,即:Fz_Cz,Cz_Oz,和C4_M1,用于产生最佳结果。然后将从SB提取的Hjorth参数馈送到不同的机器学习算法。为了了解模型,在这项研究中,我们使用SHAP(Shapley加法解释)方法。对于患有上述疾病的受试者,该模型利用了从所有通道导出的特征,并采用了集合袋树(EnBT)分类器。最高精度86.8%,87.3%,85.0%,84.5%,失眠症患者获得83.8%,PLM,apniac,良好的睡眠者和完整的数据集,分别。使用这些技术和数据集,这项研究旨在提高睡眠阶段分类的准确性,提高对失眠等睡眠障碍的认识,PLM,和睡眠呼吸暂停。
Sleep is an integral and vital component of human life, contributing significantly to overall health and well-being, but a considerable number of people worldwide experience sleep disorders. Sleep disorder diagnosis heavily depends on accurately classifying sleep stages. Traditionally, this classification has been performed manually by trained sleep technologists that visually inspect polysomnography records. However, in order to mitigate the labor-intensive nature of this process, automated approaches have been developed. These automated methods aim to streamline and facilitate sleep stage classification. This study aims to classify sleep stages in a dataset comprising subjects with insomnia, PLM, and sleep apnea. The dataset consists of PSG recordings from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort of the national sleep research resource (NSRR), including 2056 subjects. Among these subjects, 130 have insomnia, 39 suffer from PLM, 156 have sleep apnea, and the remaining 1731 are classified as good sleepers. This study proposes an automated computerized technique to classify sleep stages, developing a machine-learning model with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) capabilities using wavelet-based Hjorth parameters. An optimal biorthogonal wavelet filter bank (BOWFB) has been employed to extract subbands (SBs) from 30 seconds of electroencephalogram (EEG) epochs. Three EEG channels, namely: Fz_Cz, Cz_Oz, and C4_M1, are employed to yield an optimum outcome. The Hjorth parameters extracted from SBs were then fed to different machine learning algorithms. To gain an understanding of the model, in this study, we used SHAP (Shapley Additive explanations) method. For subjects suffering from the aforementioned diseases, the model utilized features derived from all channels and employed an ensembled bagged trees (EnBT) classifier. The highest accuracy of 86.8%, 87.3%, 85.0%, 84.5%, and 83.8% is obtained for the insomniac, PLM, apniac, good sleepers and complete datasets, respectively. Using these techniques and datasets, the study aims to enhance sleep stage classification accuracy and improve understanding of sleep disorders such as insomnia, PLM, and sleep apnea.