吸烟是心血管疾病(CVD)的主要危险因素,尤其是女性,但戒烟(SC)可以降低甚至取消男女的风险。使用全国SC服务数据库,我们旨在确定患有CV危险因素(CVRF)或CVD的男性和女性吸烟者中SC的预测因素.进行了来自法国CDTnet数据库的回顾性研究。纳入标准为年龄≥18岁,和≥1CVRF(体重指数≥25kg/m2,高血压,糖尿病,高胆固醇血症)或CVD(心肌梗死(MI)或心绞痛,中风,外周动脉疾病[PAD])。自我报告的戒烟(≥连续28天)通过呼出一氧化碳<10ppm确认。Logistic回归分析评估了SC与社会人口统计学之间的关联,医学特征,和吸烟档案。在36,864名处于高CV风险的吸烟者中,女性的禁欲率略低于男性,(52.6%[n=8,102]vs55.0%[n=11,848],P<0.001)。对两性来说,与最低禁欲率相关的因素是糖尿病,呼吸道和精神疾病,抗焦虑/抗抑郁药的使用,大麻消费。在女性中,与戒烟相关的因素是患有MI或心绞痛和服用避孕药,与持续吸烟相关的因素是饮酒障碍和高香烟消费.在男人中,在初次访问时,超重和禁欲之间存在积极关系,同时是香烟和电子香烟的双重使用者,患有烟草相关疾病(癌症和PAD)和接受阿片类药物替代治疗与持续吸烟相关.最后,在两性中,与禁欲相关的因素是:年龄≥65岁,有文凭,被雇用,随行人员自我推荐或鼓励,≥1次先前的戒烟尝试,每天消费≤20支香烟,受益于SC药物处方和≥4次随访。总之,我们的结果表明,在高CV风险的吸烟者中,SC强化管理的相关性,基于社会人口统计学,medical,和吸烟行为特征,以及针对性别的SC方法。
Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), in particular in women, but smoking cessation (SC) reduces or even cancels the risk for both sexes. Using a nationwide SC services database, we aimed to determine the predictive factors of SC in men and women smokers with CV risk factors (CVRF) or CVD. A retrospective study from the French CDTnet database was conducted. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18years, and≥1 CVRF (Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia) or CVD (myocardial infarction (MI) or angina pectoris, stroke, peripheral arterial disease [PAD]). Self-reported smoking abstinence (≥28 consecutive days) was confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide<10ppm. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association between SC and sociodemographic, medical characteristics, and smoking profile. Among the 36,864 smokers at high CV risk, abstinence rate was slightly lower in women than in men, (52.6% [n=8,102] vs 55.0% [n=11,848], P<0.001). For both sexes, factors associated with the lowest abstinence rates were diabetes, respiratory and psychiatric diseases, anxiolytic/antidepressant use, and cannabis consumption. In women, the factors associated with smoking abstinence were suffering from MI or angina and taking contraceptive pill and the factors associated with persistent smoking were alcohol disorder and high cigarette consumption. In men, there was a positive relationship between overweight and abstinence while being dual users of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes at first visit, having tobacco-related diseases (cancer and PAD) and taking opioid substitution treatment were associated with persistent smoking. Finally, in both sexes, the factors associated with abstinence were: age≥65years, having a diploma, being employed, self-referred or encouraged by entourage, ≥1 previous quit attempt, ≤20 cigarettes per day consumption, benefiting from SC medication prescription and ≥4 follow-up visits. In conclusion, our results suggest the relevance of SC intensive management in smokers at high CV risk, based on sociodemographic, medical, and smoking behaviour characteristics, as well as a gender-specific SC approach.