This research investigates the representation of older adults in Turkish newspaper reports during the first national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey in order to understand the representation and reinforcement of ageism in this context. To this end, fifty newspaper reports from five top-selling Turkish newspapers at the time were selected randomly and analysed using critical discourse analysis for the text producers\' linguistic choices in the representations of older adults. The findings show that the older adults were represented predominantly in relation to the lockdown measures and as members of a homogeneous group. They were mainly evaluated negatively as a vulnerable, passive, and at risk group who lacked truthfulness and exhibited unusual behaviour. They were also found to be not among the intended readers of the newspaper reports. This resulted in the infantilisation of older adults and the removal of their agency. Our findings point to the linguistic choices realising these discursive practices in the Turkish context. We argue that these findings follow a trend of representation of older adults in discursive practices and that these practices are instrumental in forming ageist stereotypes and reinforcing age-related bias.

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Suicide is a global phenomenon with about 79% of suicides occurring in low and middle-income countries. This study investigated current trends, demographics, and characteristics of completed suicides based on reports from leading Pakistani Newspapers. This study performed a qualitative analysis of completed suicides in Pakistan\'s four newspapers from January 1st, 2019, through December 31st, 2020. Data about socio-demographic characteristics, methods of suicide, possible motives, and associated features were analyzed. 2295 suicides were reported in Pakistan during 2019 and 2020. About 61.87% were completed by men, and 38.12% by women. The most suicides occurred in individuals ages < 30 years. The predominant method of suicide in this group was ingestion of poisonous substances. The most commonly reported reasons for suicide were domestic conflicts, financial problems, and failure in love/marriage. By providing insight into characteristics of suicide, this study highlights the need for effective suicide prevention policies and programs to tackle rising rates of suicide in Pakistan.

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Objectives　Ever since Tokyo was awarded the privilege to host the 2020 Olympic Games, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare has worked toward implementing a ban on passive smoking. This study examined the present situation of passive smoking in Japan, and the coverage of passive smoking regulations in newspaper reports, based on a content analysis. This was followed by a comparison with the contents of the \"White Paper on Tobacco,\" published by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare in August, 2016.Methods　In total, 182 articles published from September 7, 2013 to March 31, 2017 were collected from three major newspapers based in Tokyo (Asahi, Yomiuri, and Mainichi). The article search criteria included the presence of the following keywords in the title or main text: \"passive smoking OR entire surface smoking cessation OR indoor smoking OR indoor smoking cessation OR smoking cessation in the site OR smoking cessation in the building.\" Online posts and articles that did not focus mainly on the regulation of passive smoking were excluded. The 37 coding categories that were developed were classified either as positive or negative (with respect to coverage of passive smoking regulations). The assessment of passive smoking in the White Paper on Tobacco informed the coding categories, to allow the evaluation of the extent to which the contents of the White Paper were reflected in newspaper reports.Results　Among the 182 articles examined, 107 addressed only the positive aspects of the regulations, while 7 addressed only the negative aspects. Further, 50 articles addressed both positive and negative aspects, while 18 addressed neither. Among those addressing both positive and negative aspects, 14 (28%) included counterarguments to the negative comments, which consistently reflected the contents of the White Paper on Tobacco.Conclusions　Majority of the articles reported only on the positive aspects of the regulations. Persuasive articles that presented both the positive and negative aspects of the issue, which included counterarguments to the negative opinions, were scarce. However, such articles were found to some degree in the editorials of newspapers. The influence of such editorials may increase if newspapers include the pros or cons of this issue, and present counterarguments. Additionally, some topics were not reported sufficiently. Thus, problems were observed in the newspaper reports regarding passive smoking regulations.

The way media depict women and men can reinforce or diminish gender stereotyping. Which part does language play in this context? Are roles perceived as more gender-balanced when feminine role nouns are used in addition to masculine ones? Research on gender-inclusive language shows that the use of feminine-masculine word pairs tends to increase the visibility of women in various social roles. For example, when speakers of German were asked to name their favorite \"heroine or hero in a novel,\" they listed more female characters than when asked to name their favorite \"hero in a novel.\" The research reported in this article examines how the use of gender-inclusive language in news reports affects readers\' own usage of such forms as well as their mental representation of women and men in the respective roles. In the main experiment, German participants (N = 256) read short reports about heroes or murderers which contained either masculine generics or gender-inclusive forms (feminine-masculine word pairs). Gender-inclusive forms enhanced participants\' own usage of gender-inclusive language and this resulted in more gender-balanced mental representations of these roles. Reading about \"heroines and heroes\" made participants assume a higher percentage of women among persons performing heroic acts than reading about \"heroes\" only, but there was no such effect for murderers. A post-test suggested that this might be due to a higher accessibility of female exemplars in the category heroes than in the category murderers. Importantly, the influence of gender-inclusive language on the perceived percentage of women in a role was mediated by speakers\' own usage of inclusive forms. This suggests that people who encounter gender-inclusive forms and are given an opportunity to use them, use them more themselves and in turn have more gender-balanced mental representations of social roles.

Studies have reported differences in the public\'s understanding of, trust in, and satisfaction with its priority-setting processes and outcomes across countries. How the media frames and reports decision making processes and outcomes may both reflect and affect the public\'s knowledge of and attitudes toward them. Nevertheless, no studies have analyzed how priority-setting decision making processes are portrayed in the media. We analyzed 202 newspaper articles published over a decade, from January 2000 through December 2009, in leading newspapers of Israel and South Korea. The findings reveal intriguing differences between the countries in both the number and content of the reports. The issue of priority setting is much less salient in Korean than in Israeli society. While the complexity of the task was the most prevalent theme in the Israeli reports sampled, benefits package expansion decisions were most common in the Korean reports. Similarly, the Israeli reports emphasized the qualifications and backgrounds of individual members of the decision making committee, but the equivalent Korean committee was not portrayed as a major actor, and so received less attention. The least reported theme in both countries was priority-setting procedures and principles. These findings, along with results from previous studies which indicate that public satisfaction with the two systems differs between the countries, provoke several interesting future research questions.