局部麻醉是一种暂时使特定身体区域脱敏的技术,通常用于外科手术,牙科工作,或疼痛管理。它被描述为由于神经末梢的兴奋抑制或由于周围神经内的传导过程的抑制而导致的身体特定区域的感觉丧失。它允许更安全,更舒适的医疗程序,减少全身麻醉的需要和促进更快的恢复。局部麻醉一般是安全的,但是像任何医疗干预一样,它有潜在的风险和副作用。与局部麻醉药相关的并发症可以从神经系统方面进行评估,血管,当地,系统性,和神经学。在这篇评论文章中,我们讨论了与眼神经相关的局部麻醉的神经系统并发症,上颌神经,下颌神经,三叉神经的分支,和面部神经。这些包括复视,上睑下垂,眼睛瘫痪,失明,感觉异常,刺耳,软组织病变,水肿,血肿,面部漂白,感染,过敏,用药过量,神经痛,面神经麻痹,等。
Local anesthesia is a technique that temporarily desensitizes a specific body area, typically for a surgical procedure, dental work, or pain management. It is described as a sensation loss in a specific area of the body due to depression of excitation in the nerve endings or due to the inhibition of the conduction process within the peripheral nerves. It allows for safer and more comfortable medical procedures, reducing the need for general anesthesia and facilitating faster recovery. Local anesthesia is generally safe, but like any medical intervention, it carries potential risks and side effects. The complications related to local anesthetics can be assessed in terms of neurological, vascular, local, systemic, and neurological. In this review article, we discussed the neurological complications of local anesthesia related to the ophthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve, mandibular nerve, branches of the trigeminal nerve, and facial nerve. These include diplopia, ptosis, paralysis of the eye, blindness, paresthesia, trismus, soft tissue lesions, edema, hematoma, facial blanching, infection, allergy, overdose, neuralgia, facial palsy, etc.