黑色素瘤,一种高度侵袭性的皮肤癌,通常由BRAF突变驱动,例如V600E突变,它通过MAPK途径促进癌症生长,并有助于治疗耐药性。了解非编码RNA(ncRNA)在这些过程中的作用对于开发新的治疗策略至关重要。这篇综述旨在阐明黑色素瘤中ncRNAs与BRAF突变之间的关系。关注它们的调节作用和对治疗耐药性的影响。我们全面回顾了目前的文献,以综合有关ncRNA介导的BRAF突变黑色素瘤调节及其对治疗反应的影响的证据。关键ncRNAs,包括microRNAs和longncRNAs,被确定为黑色素瘤发展和治疗抗性的重要调节因子。微小RNA如miR-15/16和miR-200家族调节关键途径如Wnt信号传导和黑素生成。长ncRNAs如ANRIL和SAMMSON在细胞生长中发挥作用,入侵,和药物敏感性。特异性ncRNAs,如BANCR和RMEL3,与MAPK通路相交,强调它们作为BRAF突变黑色素瘤治疗靶点或生物标志物的潜力。此外,ncRNAs涉及耐药性,如miR-579-3p和miR-1246,目标过程如自噬和免疫检查点调节。这篇综述强调了ncRNAs在调节BRAF突变黑色素瘤中的关键作用及其对耐药性的贡献。这些发现强调了ncRNAs作为生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力,为改善黑色素瘤患者预后的创新治疗方法铺平道路。
Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, is often driven by BRAF mutations, such as the V600E mutation, which promotes cancer growth through the MAPK pathway and contributes to treatment resistance. Understanding the role of non-coding RNAs (
ncRNAs) in these processes is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between
ncRNAs and BRAF mutations in melanoma, focusing on their regulatory roles and impact on treatment resistance. We comprehensively reviewed current literature to synthesize evidence on ncRNA-mediated regulation of BRAF-mutant melanoma and their influence on therapeutic responses. Key
ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long
ncRNAs, were identified as significant regulators of melanoma development and therapy resistance. MicroRNAs such as miR-15/16 and miR-200 families modulate critical pathways like Wnt signaling and melanogenesis. Long
ncRNAs like ANRIL and SAMMSON play roles in cell growth, invasion, and drug susceptibility. Specific
ncRNAs, such as BANCR and RMEL3, intersect with the MAPK pathway, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in BRAF-mutant melanoma. Additionally, ncRNAs involved in drug resistance, such as miR-579-3p and miR-1246, target processes like autophagy and immune checkpoint regulation. This review highlights the pivotal roles of ncRNAs in regulating BRAF-mutant melanoma and their contribution to drug resistance. These findings underscore the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, paving the way for innovative treatments to improve outcomes for melanoma patients.