It has previously been found that, compared with cigarette smoke, the aerosols generated by heated tobacco products contain fewer and lower harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and elicit lower biological activity in in vitro models and lower smoking-related exposure biomarker levels in clinical studies. It is important to accumulate such scientific evidences for heated tobacco products with a novel heating system, because different heating system may affect the quantitative aspect of the amount of HPHCs and the qualitative aspect of the biological activity of the aerosol generated. Here, the chemical properties of, and toxicological responses to aerosols emitted by DT3.0a, a new heated tobacco product with a novel heating system, and cigarette smoke (CS) were compared, using chemical analyses, in vitro battery (standardized genotoxicity and cytotoxicity) assays, and mechanistic (ToxTracker and two-dimensional cell culture) assays. Regular- and menthol-flavored DT3.0a and standard 1R6F reference cigarettes were tested. Selected HPHC yields were lower in DT3.0a aerosol than 1R6F CS. The genotoxicity-related assays indicated that DT3.0a aerosol was not genotoxic, regardless of metabolic activation. The other biological assays indicated that less cytotoxicity induction and oxidative stress response were elicited by DT3.0a aerosol compared with 1R6F CS. Similar results were found for both regular and menthol DT3.0a. Like previous reports for heated tobacco products with other heating systems, the results of this study indicated that DT3.0a aerosols have chemical and biological properties less likely to be harmful than 1R6F CS.

Neomenthol, a cyclic monoterpenoid, is a stereoisomer of menthol present in the essential oil of Mentha spp. It is used in food as a flavoring agent, in cosmetics and medicines because of its cooling effects. However, neomenthol has not been much explored for its anticancer potential. Additionally, targeting hyaluronidase, Cathepsin-D, and ODC by phytochemicals is amongst the efficient approach for cancer prevention and/or treatment.
To investigate the molecular and cell target-based antiproliferative potential of neomenthol on human cancer (A431, PC-3, K562, A549, FaDu, MDA-MB-231, COLO-205, MCF-7, and WRL-68) and normal (HEK-293) cell lines.
The potency of neomenthol was evaluated on human cancer and normal cell line using SRB, NRU and MTT assays. The molecular target based study of neomenthol was carried out in cell-free and cell-based test systems. Further, the potency of neomenthol was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis and molecular docking studies. The in vivo anticancer potential of neomenthol was performed on mice EAC model and the toxicity examination was accomplished through in silico, ex vivo and in vivo approaches.
Neomenthol exhibits a promising activity (IC50 17.3 ± 6.49 μM) against human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells by arresting the G2/M phase and increasing the number of sub-diploid cells. It significantly inhibits hyaluronidase activity (IC50 12.81 ± 0.01 μM) and affects the tubulin polymerization. The expression analysis and molecular docking studies support the in vitro molecular and cell target based results. Neomenthol prevents EAC tumor formation by 58.84% and inhibits hyaluronidase activity up to 10% at 75 mg/kg bw, i.p. dose. The oral dose of 1000 mg/kg bw was found safe in acute oral toxicity studies.
Neomenthol delayed the growth of skin carcinoma cells by inhibiting the tubulin polymerization and hyaluronidase activity, which are responsible for tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis.

We have developed a novel vaping product (NVP) IS1.0(TT), which utilises a stainless-steel mesh to transfer and vaporise the e-liquid, mitigating some of the potential sources of toxicants that can be generated using the more traditional \'wick and coil\' approach. The emissions from IS1.0(TT) have previously been found to have lower levels of toxicants overall when directly compared with a commercial wick and coil e-cig. This current study assessed the toxicological responses to aerosols from this NVP. Responses induced by IS1.0(TT)were compared to those from a 3R4F reference cigarette, using in vitro test methods which included regulatory genetic toxicological assays as well as some more contemporary screening approaches. The experimental conditions were designed to facilitate the testing of aerosol from this vaping product at doses that in most cases greatly exceeded those of the 3R4F comparator showed little to no toxicological responses and demonstrated significantly reduced effects in these in vitro assays when compared to 3R4F. Furthermore, the extreme doses tested in the present study indicate that the toxicant profile of this NVP translates to lower biological activity in vitro, and suggests that the absolute risk hazard level associated with electronic cigarettes can be reduced through continuous improvement as the technology evolves.