背景:/目的:研究表明,更多地暴露于自然植被(即,绿色)与更好的心理健康相关。然而,关于孕前时期的绿色和心理健康的研究有限,生命历程中的关键暴露窗口。我们使用一组怀孕计划者的横截面数据调查了住宅绿色与感知压力和抑郁症状的关系。
方法:从2013年到2019年,我们招募了21-45岁的女性参与者,他们试图在不使用生育治疗的情况下怀孕,进入北美孕前队列研究(在线妊娠研究[PRESTO])。在基线问卷上,参与者完成了10项感知压力量表(PSS)和重度抑郁量表(MDI).使用地理编码地址,我们通过卫星图像(归一化植被指数[NDVI])在100m缓冲区中估算了住宅的绿色暴露。我们使用线性回归模型估计了绿色与感知压力和抑郁得分的平均差异和95%置信区间,根据个人和邻里的社会人口特征进行调整。我们还评估了城市化和邻里社会经济地位(SES)对协会的影响程度。
结果:在9,718名参与者中,平均年龄29.9岁,81.5%被认定为非西班牙裔白人,25%的家庭收入<50,000美元,平均邻里收入为61,932美元。在调整后的模型中,较高的绿度与较低的应激和抑郁评分相关(绿度中每个四分位数范围的平均差:-0.20,95%CI:-0.39,-0.01;和-0.19,95%CI:-0.48,0.10,分别).城市地区SES较低社区的居民之间的关联更强(PSS:-0.57,95%CI:-1.00,-0.15;MDI:-0.72,95%CI:-1.40,-0.04)。
结论:在怀孕计划者中,较高的绿色暴露与较低的压力和抑郁症状相关,特别是在SES较低的社区。
BACKGROUND: /Aims: Studies suggest that greater exposure to natural vegetation (i.e., greenness) is associated with better mental health. However, there is limited research on greenness and mental health in the preconception period, a critical window of exposure in the life course. We investigated the associations of residential greenness with perceived stress and depressive symptoms using cross-sectional data from a cohort of pregnancy planners.
METHODS: From 2013 to 2019, we enrolled female-identified participants aged 21-45 years who were trying to conceive without the use of fertility treatment into a North American preconception cohort study (Pregnancy Study Online [PRESTO]). On the baseline questionnaire, participants completed the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI). Using geocoded addresses, we estimated residential greenness exposure via satellite imagery (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [
NDVI]) in a 100m buffer. We estimated mean differences and 95% confidence intervals for the association of greenness with perceived stress and depression scores using linear regression models, adjusting for individual and neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics. We also evaluated the extent to which associations were modified by urbanicity and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES).
RESULTS: Among 9,718 participants, mean age was 29.9 years, 81.5% identified as non-Hispanic White, 25% had household incomes <$50,000, and mean neighborhood income was $61,932. In adjusted models, higher greenness was associated with lower stress and depression scores (mean difference per interquartile range in greenness: -0.20, 95% CI: -0.39, -0.01; and -0.19, 95% CI: -0.48, 0.10, respectively). The association was stronger among residents of lower SES neighborhoods in urban areas (PSS: -0.57, 95% CI: -1.00, -0.15; MDI: -0.72, 95% CI: -1.40, -0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher greenness exposure was associated with lower stress and depressive symptoms among pregnancy planners, particularly in lower-SES neighborhoods.