背景:自2021年6月至2021年7月,我院确诊皮肤脓肿分枝杆菌感染3例。所有3名患者均在同一家非正式美容机构接受了埋线和减肥手术,有蚕丝蛋白注射史。所有患者均无其他基础疾病或手术史。症状和体征表明该疾病是急性的,病程短。所有患者都在身体的不同部位发现皮下肿块。在大多数情况下,肿块表现为红肿,一些群众伴随着温柔,波浪感,和破裂。一些群众破裂后,可以看到脓性分泌物。
方法:将3例患者皮损分泌的脓液培养成单一细菌,由MALDI-TOFMS鉴定。使用三个特定基因(hsp65,rpoB,和secA1)和七个管家基因(argH,Cya,glpK,gnd,murc,pta,和purH)。通过分枝杆菌脓肿的MLST数据库查询结果。
结果:3株细菌均为脓肿分枝杆菌ST279型。三种抗菌药物包括头孢美唑,阿米卡星,和克拉霉素与5-氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法(ALA-PDT)联合给药。3-6个月后,伤口周围组织没有明显的红肿,未见明显的脓性分泌物。所有患者均治愈出院。经过六个月的随访,病灶没有复发.
结论:医疗机构必须严格遵守感染控制指南,采取预防措施,防止此类事件再次发生。ALA-PDT作为非结核性分枝杆菌(NTM)皮肤感染的联合疗法可以提高治疗效果并缩短抗生素使用时间。
BACKGROUND: From June 2021 to July 2021, our hospital confirmed 3 cases of Mycobacterium infection in skin abscesses. All 3 patients underwent thread embedding and weight loss surgery at the same informal beauty institution, with a history of silk protein injection. None of the patients had any other underlying diseases or surgical history. Symptoms and signs show that the disease is acute and the course of the disease is short. All patients have found subcutaneous masses in different parts of the body. In most cases, the masses show redness and swelling, and some of the masses are accompanied by tenderness, wave sensation, and rupture. After some of the masses rupture, purulent secretions can be seen.
METHODS: The pus secreted by the skin lesions of the three patients were cultured to a single bacterium, which was identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Multiple locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed using three specific genes (hsp65, rpoB, and secA1) and seven housekeeping genes (argH, cya, glpK, gnd, murC, pta, and purH). The results were queried through the MLST database of Mycobacterium abscess.
RESULTS: All three strains of bacteria were Mycobacterium abscess type ST279 massiliense subtype. Three antibacterial drugs including cefmetazole, amikacin, and clarithromycin were administered in combination with 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT). After 3 - 6 months, there was no obvious redness or swelling in the surrounding tissues of the wound, and no obvious purulent secretions were observed. All patients were cured and discharged from the hospital. After a follow-up of six months, there was no recurrence of the lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: Medical institutions must strictly follow infection control guidelines and take preventive measures to prevent such incidents from happening again. ALA-PDT as a combination therapy for nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) skin infections can improve treatment efficacy and shorten antibiotic usage time.