■肠型(ET)是肠道微生物群落结构的聚集,可以作为生长性能和胴体性状的指标。然而,在水禽中对ET的研究很少。这项研究的目的是鉴定回肠ET,并探讨ET与番鸭生长性能和car体性状的相关性。
■从70天大的5,000只鸭子中随机选择了200只番鸭,称重和屠宰。生长性能和胴体性状,包括体重,穿着的重量和证明的重量,穿着百分比,表观收率百分比,乳房肌肉重量,腿部肌肉重量,腿部肌肉的百分比和乳房肌肉的百分比,决心。收集回肠的内容物用于分离DNA和16SrRNA基因测序。根据16SrRNA基因测序数据鉴定ET,并通过Spearman相关分析进行ET与生长性能和car体性状的相关性。
■在番鸭的回肠微生物群中观察到三种ET(ET1,ET2和ET3),这些ET之间的特征数量和α多样性存在显着差异(P<0.05)。链球菌,念珠菌关节炎,和拟杆菌分别是ET1至ET3中的代表属。相关分析表明,乳球菌和根瘤菌与内脏率和腿部肌肉重量显着相关(P<0.05),而ET与内脏率密切相关。腿部肌肉重量,和番鸭腿部肌肉的百分比。然而,不同ETs鸭的生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05)。发现乳球菌与腿部肌肉重量显着相关,穿着的重量,以及去内脏产量的百分比。
■我们的发现揭示了番鸭与肠型相关的car体性状的实质性差异。暗示ET可能具有作为评估鸭car体性状的有价值的生物标志物的潜力。它将为肠道微生物群与鸭的生长性能和car体性状的相互作用提供新的见解。
OBJECTIVE: Enterotypes (ETs) are the clustering of gut microbial community structures, which could serve as indicators of growth performance and carcass traits. However, ETs have been sparsely investigated in waterfowl. The objective of this study was to identify the ileal ETs and explore the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits in Muscovy ducks.
METHODS: A total of 200 Muscovy ducks were randomly selected from a population of 5,000 ducks at 70-day old, weighed and slaughtered. The growth performance and carcass traits, including body weight, dressed weight and evidenced weight, dressed percentage, percentage of apparent yield, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, percentage of leg muscle and percentage of breast muscle, were determined. The contents of ileum were collected for the isolation of DNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ETs were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data and the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits was performed by Spearman correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Three ETs (ET1, ET2, and ET3) were observed in the ileal microbiota of Muscovy ducks with significant differences in number of features and α-diversity among these ETs (p<0.05). Streptococcus, Candida Arthritis, and Bacteroidetes were the presentative genus in ET1 to ET3, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that Lactococcus and Bradyrhizobium were significantly correlated with percentage of eviscerated yield and leg muscle weight (p<0.05) while ETs were found to have a close association with percentage of eviscerated yield, leg muscle weight, and percentage of leg muscle in Muscovy ducks. However, the growth performance of ducks with different ETs did not show significant difference (p>0.05). Lactococcus were found to be significantly correlated with leg muscle weight, dressed weight, and percentage of eviscerated yield.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed a substantial variation in carcass traits associated with ETs in Muscovy ducks. It is implied that ETs might have the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing duck carcass traits. It would provide novel insights into the interaction of gut microbiota with growth performance and carcass traits of ducks.