Mucunapruriens种子是一种未充分利用的豆类,具有抗营养素,经过加工以减少抗营养素并提高营养质量。种子被清理干净,洗涤并进行单次浸泡处理(24小时,48h,72小时),烹饪(20分钟,40分钟,60分钟,80分钟),焙烧(10分钟,15分钟,20分钟),发芽(24小时,48h,72小时)和发酵(24小时,48h,72小时)。联合处理:浸泡(72h)+蒸煮(60min);发芽(48h)+焙烧(15min);发芽(48h)+蒸煮(60min);发酵(72h)+焙烧(15min)也分别进行。评估了近似组成和抗营养素。粗蛋白含量为25.34-29.50%,灰分3.02-3.82%和粗纤维0.70-4.69。单处理和双处理增加了粗蛋白,而仅单处理增加了灰分含量。所有的处理都减少了粗纤维。对于单和双治疗,苯酚,L-3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸和胰蛋白酶抑制剂在0.69-3.49%范围内,分别为0.01-6.83%和0.00-12.58TIU/mg蛋白。这项研究表明,使用长达72小时的浸泡,80分钟烹饪,20分钟烘烤,72小时发芽或72小时发酵(少孢子根霉)不足以将Mucunapruriens种子粉中的苯酚和L-3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸降低到建议的安全限值以下分别为0.003%和0.1%。72h发酵15m焙烧的双重处理是唯一将L-3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸降低至0.01%的安全极限的处理。
Mucuna pruriens seed being an underutilized legume with antinutrients was processed to reduce antinutrients and improve nutritional quality. The seeds were cleaned, washed and subjected to single treatments of soaking (24 h, 48 h, 72 h), cooking (20 min, 40 min, 60 min, 80 min), roasting (10 min, 15 min, 20 min), germination (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) and fermentation (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). Combined treatments: soaking (72 h) + cooking (60 min); germination (48 h) + roasting (15 min); germination (48 h) + cooking (60 min); fermentation (72 h) + roasting (15 min) were also separately carried out. Proximate composition and antinutrients were evaluated. Crude protein ranged from 25.34 to 29.50%, ash 3.02-3.82% and crude fibre 0.70-4.69. Crude protein was increased by single and double treatments while ash content was increased by only single treatments. All the treatments reduced the crude fibre. For single and double treatments, phenol, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and trypsin inhibitor were in the range of 0.69-3.49%, 0.01-6.83% and 0.00-12.58 TIU/mg protein respectively. This research indicated that the use of up to 72 h soaking, 80 min cooking, 20 min roasting, 72 h germination or 72 h fermentation (Rhizopus oligosporus) is not adequate to reduce phenol and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in Mucuna pruriens seed flour to below the recommended safe limits of 0.003% and 0.1% respectively. The double treatment of 72 h fermentation +15 m roasting was the only treatment that reduced L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine to safe limit of 0.01%.