自2022年春季以来,猴痘病毒(MPXV)的全球流行病学发生了变化。全球人类进化枝IIMPXV病例的空前增加加剧了人们对这种新兴的人畜共患疾病的担忧。我们分析了阳性率,病毒载量,传染性,在89例MPXV确诊病例的几个生物样本中,MPXVDNA持续长达4个月。我们的数据显示,对于所有样本类型,在症状的前两周,病毒载量和阳性率均较高。在无皮肤样本中,呼吸道标本显示更高的MPXVDNA水平和中位时间,直到病毒清除,表明它们在支持MPXV诊断方面的有用性,调查无症状患者,并监测病毒脱落。从呼吸道样本中培养传染性病毒,精液,和凳子,病毒载量高,并在前10天内收集。值得注意的是,在症状出现71天和31天后,只有一个唾液和一个精液的病毒DNA呈阳性,分别。对血液样本的关注显示了血浆中最佳的测试灵敏度,报告与血清和全血相比,3周随访期间MPXVDNA检出率和病毒载量总体最高.此处提供的数据可用于MPXV诊断,并更好地了解其向前传播的潜在替代途径。
Since spring 2022, the global epidemiology of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) has changed. The unprecedented increase of human clade II MPXV cases worldwide heightened concerns about this emerging zoonotic disease. We analysed the positivity rates, viral loads, infectiousness, and persistence of MPXV DNA for up to 4 months in several biological samples from 89 MPXV-confirmed cases. Our data showed that viral loads and positivity rates were higher during the first two weeks of symptoms for all sample types. Amongst no-skin-samples, respiratory specimens showed higher MPXV DNA levels and median time until viral clearance, suggesting their usefulness in supporting MPXV diagnosis, investigating asymptomatic patients, and monitoring viral shedding. Infectious virus was cultured from respiratory samples, semen, and stools, with high viral loads and collected within the first 10 days. Notably, only one saliva and one semen were found positive for viral DNA after 71 and 31 days from symptoms, respectively. The focus on bloodstream samples showed the best testing sensitivity in plasma, reporting the overall highest MPXV DNA detection rate and viral loads during the 3-week follow-up as compared to serum and whole-blood. The data here presented can be useful for MPXV diagnostics and a better understanding of the potential alternative routes of its onward transmission.