背景:幼儿不健康运动行为的高患病率仍然是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。eHealth被认为是一种具有成本效益的方法,对增强健康和相关行为有着巨大的希望。然而,以前对旨在促进行为改变的电子健康干预措施的研究主要集中在青少年和成年人,留下了有限的证据,专门与学龄前儿童有关。
目的:这篇综述旨在研究电子健康干预措施在促进24小时运动行为方面的有效性,特别关注改善体育锻炼(PA)和睡眠时间,并减少学龄前儿童的久坐行为。此外,我们评估了各种研究特征对干预效果的调节作用.
方法:我们搜索了6个电子数据库(PubMed,奥维德,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,WebofScience,和Cochrane中央对照试验登记册)进行随机程序的实验研究,该程序于2023年2月检查了电子健康干预措施对2至6岁学龄前儿童24小时运动行为的有效性。研究结果包括PA,睡眠持续时间,久坐的时间。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析以评估合并效应,进行亚组分析,以探讨干预持续时间等调节因素的潜在影响,干预类型,和偏见风险(ROB)。纳入的研究使用CochraneROB工具进行了严格的ROB评估。此外,使用等级(建议等级评估,发展,和评估)评估。
结果:在7191条确定的记录中,19例(0.26%)纳入系统评价。荟萃分析包括2971名学龄前儿童的样本,来自13项纳入的研究。与对照组相比,电子健康干预措施显着增加中度至重度PA(对冲g=0.16,95%CI0.03-0.30;P=.02)和总PA(对冲g=0.37,95%CI0.02-0.72;P=.04)。此外,eHealth干预措施显着减少了久坐时间(Hedgesg=-0.15,95%CI-0.27至-0.02;P=.02),并增加了睡眠时间(Hedgesg=0.47,95%CI0.18-0.75;P=.002)。然而,对评估的任何变量均未观察到显著的调节作用(P>.05).对于中度至剧烈强度的PA和久坐时间的结果,证据质量被评为“中等”,对于睡眠结果被评为“低”。
结论:电子健康干预措施可能是增加PA的有希望的策略,改善睡眠,减少学龄前儿童久坐的时间。为了有效促进儿童早期的健康行为,未来的研究必须优先发展具有更大样本量的严格比较试验.此外,研究人员应该彻底检查潜在调节者的影响。还迫切需要全面探索这些干预措施产生的长期影响。
背景:PROSPEROCRD42022365003;http://tinyurl.com/3nnnfdwh3。
BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of unhealthy movement behaviors among young children remains a global public health issue. eHealth is considered a cost-effective approach that holds great promise for enhancing health and related behaviors. However, previous research on eHealth interventions aimed at promoting behavior change has primarily focused on adolescents and adults, leaving a limited body of evidence specifically pertaining to preschoolers.
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to examine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in promoting 24-hour movement behaviors, specifically focusing on improving physical activity (PA) and sleep duration and reducing sedentary behavior among preschoolers. In addition, we assessed the moderating effects of various study characteristics on intervention effectiveness.
METHODS: We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) for experimental studies with a randomization procedure that examined the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on 24-hour movement behaviors among preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years in February 2023. The study outcomes included PA, sleep duration, and sedentary time. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect using a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the potential effects of moderating factors such as intervention duration, intervention type, and risk of bias (ROB). The included studies underwent a rigorous ROB assessment using the Cochrane ROB tool. Moreover, the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) assessment.
RESULTS: Of the 7191 identified records, 19 (0.26%) were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis comprised a sample of 2971 preschoolers, which was derived from 13 included studies. Compared with the control group, eHealth interventions significantly increased moderate to vigorous PA (Hedges g=0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.30; P=.02) and total PA (Hedges g=0.37, 95% CI 0.02-0.72; P=.04). In addition, eHealth interventions significantly reduced sedentary time (Hedges g=-0.15, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.02; P=.02) and increased sleep duration (Hedges g=0.47, 95% CI 0.18-0.75; P=.002) immediately after the intervention. However, no significant moderating effects were observed for any of the variables assessed (P>.05). The quality of evidence was rated as \"moderate\" for moderate to vigorous intensity PA and sedentary time outcomes and \"low\" for sleep outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: eHealth interventions may be a promising strategy to increase PA, improve sleep, and reduce sedentary time among preschoolers. To effectively promote healthy behaviors in early childhood, it is imperative for future studies to prioritize the development of rigorous comparative trials with larger sample sizes. In addition, researchers should thoroughly examine the effects of potential moderators. There is also a pressing need to comprehensively explore the long-term effects resulting from these interventions.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO CRD42022365003; http://tinyurl.com/3nnfdwh3.