UNASSIGNED:羊肚菌因其分布广泛而成为研究热点,美味的味道,和表型可塑性。青藏高原亚王国(QTP)被称为冰河时代生物多样性的摇篮。然而,羊肚菌在QTP中的多样性研究甚少,特别是在系统发育多样性方面,origin,和生物地理学。
未经授权:家谱一致性系统发育物种识别(GCPSR,基于贝叶斯进化分析,使用来自内部转录间隔区(ITS)的序列,核大亚基rDNA(nrLSU),平移延伸因子1-α(EF1-α),以及RNA聚合酶II的最大和第二大亚基(RPB1和RPB2)),微分时间估计,祖先区域重建用于推断QTP中羊肚菌的系统发育关系和历史生物地理学。
未经批准:首先,在QTP中总共识别了18种羊肚菌系统发育物种,包括10个Elata进化枝和8个Esculenta进化枝,共有216个人。其次,18种系统发育物种的差异为50.24-4.20Mya(始新世-上新世),这与QTP中的地质活动密切相关。此外,羊肚菌的祖先可能起源于北方地区(祁连山,Elatacade)和西南地区(香格里拉,QTP的Esculenta进化枝),可能是在白垩纪晚期通过柏林根大陆桥(BLB)和长距离分散(LDD)扩张从北美(Rufobrunnea进化枝)迁移而来的。此外,作为物种起源和多样性的摇篮,QTP中的真菌物种从古近纪开始扩散到欧亚大陆和南非。
UNASSIGNED:这是第一个报告,羊肚菌的Esculenta和Elata进化枝起源于QTP,因为造山,真菌的快速分化与QTP边缘地区的地质抬升运动和避难密切相关。我们的发现有助于增加羊肚菌的多样性,并为QTP的起源理论提供更多证据。
UNASSIGNED: Morchella has become a research hotspot because of its wide distribution, delicious taste, and phenotypic plasticity. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau subkingdoms (QTPs) are known as the cradle of Ice age biodiversity. However, the diversity of
Morchella in the QTPs has been poorly investigated, especially in phylogenetic diversity, origin, and biogeography.
UNASSIGNED: The genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR, based on Bayesian evolutionary analysis using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (nrLSU), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), and the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2)), differentiation time estimation, and ancestral region reconstruction were used to infer Morchella\'s phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography in the QTPs.
UNASSIGNED: Firstly, a total of 18
Morchella phylogenetic species are recognized in the QTPs, including 10 Elata clades and 8 Esculenta clades of 216 individuals Secondly, the divergences of the 18 phylogenetic species were 50.24-4.20 Mya (Eocene-Pliocene), which was closely related to the geological activities in the QTPs. Furthermore, the ancestor of
Morchella probably originated in the Northern regions (Qilian Shan, Elata cade) and southwestern regions (Shangri-La, Esculenta clade) of QTPs and might have migrated from North America (Rufobrunnea clade) via Beringian Land Bridge (BLB) and Long-Distance Dispersal (LDD) expansions during the Late Cretaceous. Moreover, as the cradle of species origin and diversity, the fungi species in the QTPs have spread out and diffused to Eurasia and South Africa starting in the Paleogene Period.
UNASSIGNED: This is the first report that Esculenta and Elata clade of
Morchella originated from the QTPs because of orogenic, and rapid differentiation of fungi is strongly linked to geological uplift movement and refuge in marginal areas of the QTPs. Our findings contribute to increasing the diversity of Morchella and offer more evidence for the origin theory of the QTPs.